The role of this department is to ensure the automation of organ

The role of this department is to ensure the automation of organ

Effects of sympathetic irritation of ANS

• The work of the heart muscle increases: the frequency and strength of contractions, excitability and conductivity increase; enlarged bronchi; blood pressure increases, in skeletal muscles "working hyperemia" is observed;

• The salivation, secretion and motility of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreatic juice is inhibited; reflexes of urination and defecation; sweating is worse. In the blood, the concentration of adrenaline and glucagon increases.

Effects of irritation of the parasympathetic department

• The tone of blood vessels does not change, except for the vessels of genital organs and vessels of the oral cavity; the work of the heart is weakened, the bronchi narrow;

• The activity of the gastrointestinal tract, also of the liver, pancreas, salivary glands, improves; reflexes of urination and defects are facilitated; the level of insulin in the blood rises.

Influence of supra-segmental centers

A) the role of the hypothalamus

• The anterior group of the hypothalamic nuclei is associated with the segmental centers of the parasympathetic division, when they are stimulated, corresponding effects occur, these nuclei are called TTO (trophotropic department)

• The posterior group of nuclei is associated with the segmental centers of thesympathetic section, when sympathetic effects arise, this group is called the ETO (ergotrophic department, ie, the department that increases energy expenditure in the body).

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