M. KOZYBAYEV . NORTH KAZAKHSTAN. STATE UNIVERSITY. Essay on topic. Hackers & Crackers. History and contemporaneity. Hackers & Crackers. History and contemporaneity

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M. KOZYBAYEV

NORTH KAZAKHSTAN

STATE UNIVERSITY

Essay on topic

Hackers & Crackers. History and contemporaneity

Prepared by student: Mamai Aigerim

Faculty: NAFS

Group: B(O)-16 k

The supervisor: Kalinichenko S. A

Petropavlovsk

Hackers & Crackers. History and contemporaneity

A cracker (also known as a black hat hacker) is an individual with extensive computer knowledge whose purpose is to breach or bypass internet security or gain access to software without paying royalties. The general view is that, while hackers build things, crackers break things. Cracker is the name given to hackers who break into computers for criminal gain; whereas, hackers can also be internet security experts hired to find vulnerabilities in systems. These hackers are also known as white hat hackers. Crackers’ motivations can range from profit, a cause they believe in, general maliciousness or just because they like the challenge. They may steal credit card numbers, leave viruses, destroy files or collect personal information to sell.

Crackers can also refer to those who reverse engineer software and modify it for their own amusement. The most common way crackers gain access to networks or systems is through social engineering, whereby the cracker contacts employees at a company and tricks them into divulging passwords and other information that allows a cracker to gain access.

Most of us dread with the term Hacking. We are of the opinion that hackers are a threat to our computers and can take out whatever secret information they want to. But, that is not the case and here we bring to you the exact difference between what a hacker and a cracker is. This will end all the myth regarding hackers. The Hackers and the Crackers are precisely the people who have extensive knowledge about the computersand networks ranging from how they are built, how they work, the programming, the codes and everything else that relates to the security. Generally people are of the opinion that there is almost no difference between the two. However, this is not true. The two work for opposite interests. While one may work for good the other works completely for malicious and criminal reasons. This is where the line is actually drawn between the two.

To put it in simple terms one may define a hacker as someone who identifies the flaws in the security systems and work to improve them. While a cracker maybe someone who unethically exploits the highly sensitive information and uses the flaws in the security systems to his advantage. The crackers usually breach the internet security and without paying royalties gain the access to various software. The hackers on the other hand are the internet security experts who may even be hired for locating and identifying the loopholes in the internet security systems and fix these loopholes and flaws. The hackers use their knowledge to help security systems and the crackers use their knowledge to break the laws and disrupt security. The two are sometimes called as White Hats and Black Hats. The Hackers being the good guys are called white hats while black hats usually refer to the crackers who violate computer security for personal gains.

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