THE GARUDA PURANA 41 страница

37-39. Adhyatmavidya should be practised for the fulfilment of Japa. Sri, Medha, Dhrti, K? iti, Vak, V& giivara, Pu$ti f Tu? fi, Um&, Arundhatl, SacI, the M& trs (mothers) Jaya, Vijay&, Savitri, Santi, Svaha, Svadha, Dhfti and Aditi shall be duly worshipped.

40. The wives of sages, the Virgins and the Kamyadevatas should be propitiated. He who wishes for everythin auspicious should propitiate the goddess Sarvamangala. 41. “May the whole universe beginning with Brahm^

and ending with a blade of grass be propitiated, ” saying thus three handfuls of water should be sprinkled. Tarpana is thus duly performed.

CHAPTER TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTEEN.

Dhamaidstra.

Brahmd said:

1-2. I shall explain Tarpana which propitiates the gods and the manes. Om, may the spirits Modasbe propitiated. Om, may Pramodas be propitiated. Om, may Sumukhas be propitiated. Om, may Durmukhas be propitiated. Om, may Vighnas be propitiated. Om, may Vighnakartarah (those who hinder) be propitiated. Om, may the metres be propitiated.

Om, may the Vedas be propitiated. Om, may the medicinal herbs be propitiated. Om, may the Sanatana (the Eternal) be propitiated. Om, may the other Acaryas be propitiated. Om, may the parts of the year be propitiated. Om, may the gods be propitiated. Om, may the celestial damsels be propitiated. Om, may the Dev& ndhakas be propitiated.

Om, may the oceans be propitiated. Om, may the serpents be propitiated. Om, may the mountains be propitiated. Om, may the rivers, men and Yaksas be propitiated. Om, may the malignant spirits be propitiated.

Om, may the Piiacas (the ghosts) be propitiated. Om, may the Suparnas be propitiated. Om, may the Bhuta be propitiated.

Om, may the four kinds of living beings be propitiated. Om, mayDak$a be propitiated. Om, may Pracetas be propitiated^

Om, may Marld be propitiated. Om, may Atri be propitiated.

Om, may Angiras be propitiated. Om, may Pulastya be propitiated. Om, may Pulaha be propitiated. Om, may Kratu be propitiated. Om, may Narada be propitiated. Om, may Bhfgu be propitiated. Om, may ViSvamitra be propitiated. Om, may Kalyapa be propitiated. Om, may Jamadagni be propitiated.

Om, may Vasi& ha be propitiated. Om, may Svayambhuva be propitiated. Om, may Svaroci$a be propitiated. Om, may Tamasa be propitiated. Om, may Raivata be propitiated. Om, may Cak$us be propitiated. Om, may Mahatejas be propitiated.

Om, may Vaivasvata be propitiated. Om, may Dhruva be propitiated. Om, may Dhava be propitiated. Om, may Anila be propitiated. Om, may Prabhasa be propitiated.

3. Wearing the sacred thread in the form of a garland (Nivltl) — Om, may Sanaka be propitiated. Om, may Sanandana be propitiated. Om, may Sanatana be propitiated. Om, may Kapila be propitiated. Om, may Asuri be propitiated. Om, may Vo< Jhu be propitiated. Om, may the Kavyavajs of men be propitiated. Om, may Soma be propitiated. Om, may Yama be propitiated. Om, may Aryama be propitiated.

4. Wearing the sacred thread over the right shoulder and under the left arm (Pracinaviti).

Om, may the manes Agni$vattas be propitiated. Om, may the manes Somasthas (Saumyasafr) be propitiated. Om, may the manes Barhi§ads be propitiated. Obeisance to Yama. Obeisance to Dharmaraja. Obeisance to Mftyu. Obeisance to Antaka. Obeisance to Vaivasvata. Obeisance to Kala. Obeisance to the slayer of all living beings. Obeisance to Audumbara. Obeisance to Dadhna. Obeisance to Nila. Obeisance to Parame& hin. Obeisance to Vrkodara (Brahman). Obeisance to Citra. Obeisance to Citragupta.

5. May the universe from Brahma to a blade of grass be propitiated. Obeisance and Svadha to the manes, Obeisance and Svadha to the grandfathers. May our Pit|s of gentle face, the Agni§vattas come unto this sacrifice through the paths of gods, elated with Svadha; let them protect us and speak within me.

6. Om, repeating the mantra Drjam vahantiti 1 etc. may the Pitfs be propitiated. Obeisance to Pitrs and Svadha.

Obeisance to Pitamahas (grandfathers) and Svadha. Obeisance to Mat& mahas (maternal grandfathers) and Svadha. Obeisance to Pramat& mahas (maternal great grandfathers) and Svadha.

Obeisance to Vfddhapramatamahas (maternal great-greatgrandfathers) and Svadha. Let the imperishable Pitfs of Pitamahas be propitiated. These Pitfs within me be propitiated.

Then repeat the mantras “Pitarab Svadhadhvam’ etc. and “Madhu vata j-tayate'V etc.

7. Then Afijali (joined palms) be offered to great grandfather. Obeisance unto ye, O Pitfs. Obeisance to Rasa. Obeisance to ye, O Pitfs. Obeisance to So? a. Obeisance to ye O Pitfs.

Obeisance to Jiva. Obeisance to ye O Pitfs. Obeisance to Svadh&. Obeisance to ye O Pitfs. Obeisance to Manyu.

Obeisance to ye O Pitrs. Our homes are your residence, O ye Pitp. Three Af\jalis are offered to maternal grandfathers. Then to mothers and others.

8. Those who are born in our family, those who died issueless, let those be propitiated. I have offered water by squeezing this cloth.

CHAPTER TWO HUNDRED AND SIXTEEN.

Dharmai& stra.

Brahma said:

1. I shall explain the characteristics of the Homa called Vaiivadeva. First repeat the mantra “Kravyadam Agnim, ” 1 etc after kindling the fire and performing Paryuksana (Sprinkling of water) Om, O Pavaka (fire god) Vaiivanara, here is a seat unto you sanctified by Arapigarbha.

O Maha Brahman! I am wakening up Vai£ vanara. Then repeat the mantra “Om Vaiivanareoa” 8 etc.

2. Om SvahS, to Praj& pati. Oih Sv& ha to Soma. Om Svihi to Bfhaspati. Om Svahi to Agni and Soma. Om Svaha to Indra and Agni. Om Svaha to Earth and Heaven. Om Svaha to Indra, Om Svahk to all Devas. Om Svaha to Brahman.

Om Sv& h& to waters, to herbs and plants, to the planets, to the deities, to Indra, to Indra’s officers, to Yama, to the officer of Yama, to all beings roaming the firmament, to Vasudhi Pitp.

I offer oblation to those beings which, in their woe, roam in the mid-world and desire all round nourishment. May Pu? fipati grant me nourishment. May he grant everything even to Can^alas and crows.

CHAPTER TWO HUNDRED AND SEVENTEEN.

DharmaS& stra.

Brahmd said:

1. I shall mention, in brief, the process of Sandhya for the twice-born. Whether he is pure or impure, whether he is in any plight or not, whoever remembers the lotus-eyed Lord Visnu is pure internally and externally.

2-6. Om, the metre is G& yatri. The sage is ViSvamitra.

It has three feet. The ocean is its belly. The moon and the sun are its eyes. The fire is its mouth, Vi$nu is its heart, Brahma is its head. Rudra is its tuft. Its use is in the investiture of sacred thread. Om Bhuh Nyasa on the foot, Bhuvah on the knees, Svah on the chest, Mahafr on the head, Janah on the tuft, Tapah on the throat, Satyam on the forehead. Om obeisance to the heart. Om Bhuh Svaha to the head. Om Bhuvah Vausaf to the tuft. Om Svah Hum to the Kavaca. Om Bhurbhuvah Svah PhaJ to the Astra. Om Bhuh Om Bhuvah Om Svah Om Mahah Om Janah Om Tapah Om Satyam.

Then the three-footed Gayatri Mantra “Apo Jyotlraso ’mrtam Brahma Bhurbhuvasvar Om. ” 1 Then the Mantras

“Suryalca” in the morning “Apah punantu 3 ” etc. in the midday and “Agnisca 4 ” etc. in the evening.

7. O you, the grantress of Boons, you are of white hue in the forenoon. You the great goddess of Gayatri wearing white cloth, You are seated on the shoulders of a bull. You hold the excellent trident.

8. May the goddess of Gayatri of dark hue come at midday, like the flower of Atasi, Vi$nu’s deity seated on Garutfa, wearing yellow cloth and holding Sankha, Cakra, Ga dk and Padma.

9. She is of white hue, seated in the solar sphere on a white lotus. She is decorated with white flowers. May Sarasvati the form of Gayatri in the evening, the goddess granting boons come hither.

10-11. The various mantras — “Om Apo hi ^ha” 1 etc. “Om Tasma aranga mam avo” 8 etc. “Om sumitriya na” etc. “Om Drupadadiva” 8 etc “Om ftaflea satyaftca” 4 etc are to be repeated duly.

12. The Mantras to be repeated thereafter — Om, the sage of Gayatri is Visvamitra; the metre is Gayatri. Savitr is the deity. Its use is in Japa “Om udu tyam. ” etc, “Om citraih devanam” 5 etc. “Om taccak? uh” 8 etc. “Om Viivatascaksuh’

7 etc. are to be repeated.

13. Born of the excellent summit, residing on the mountain on the surface of the Earth and permitted by Brahma O Goddess! be pleased to depart according to convenience.

CHAPTER TWO HUNDRED AND EIGHTEEN.

Dharmaidstra.

Brahtnd said:

1. O Vyasa, I shall explain the procedure of Sraddha which yields worldly enjoyments and salvation to men. The performer of £ r& ddha shall invite Brahmins particularly Brahmacarins (unmarried students).

2. For the worship of devas, the sacred thread should be in the normal way and for the worship of Pitrs, the sacred thread should be in the Praclnavita form (on the right shoulder and under the left arm), when the worship of feet is to be performed ‘Samyoga’ mantra is to be used.

1. RV. 10. 9. 1

2. Ibid. 10. 9. 3

3. AV. 6. 115. 3

4. RV. 10. 190

5. Ibid. 1. 115. 1

6. Ibid. 7. 66. 16

7. Ibid. 10. 81. 3

3. The householder asks — Om, you all have come?

When they reply — “Om, well. Well, we have come” the house holder says — “Om, To Vi$vedevas (to all Devas), here is the water offering and Arghya — Svaha” and offers the sacred deity water through the bent Ku£ a grass on the feet of the brahmin intended to be (the representative of ) Vi£ vedevas.

4. The householder faces the south. He wears the sacred thread in the opposite way and repeats the names and

Gotra of the person to whom he performs Sraddha and says “here is the offering of water to the feet and Arghya,

Svadh&. ”

He takes the sacred Pit water and pours it through the bent Ku£ a grass alongwith flowers over the feet of the brahmin intended to represent the Pitj-s.

5. Similarly, for maternal grandfather and others.

‘Here is the Acamanlya water, Svaha, Svadha, Saying so it is poured into the hand of the brahmin. ‘Here is Arghya, saying so, the flower is handed to the brahmin.

6-7. The householder then says that in such and such a place, in such and such a month, in such and such transit of the sun, in such and such Tithi ( day of the lunar fortnight he is preparing to perform the VaiSvadeva Sraddha of his father, grandfather and great grandfather of such and such gotra and named such and such.

He asks the brahmins ‘Is the seat ready? When they say ‘Yes, it is ready he begins Om Bhuh, Om Bhuvafo, Om Svah, Om Mahah, Om Janah, Om Tapah, Om Satyam — These are the seven Vyahytis. With these he makes the brahmin representing gods sit facing the east. Then he makes the other brahmin representing the Pitfs sit facing the north. Then he goes round them saying — “Obeisance, obeisance, always obeisance to the deities, to the Pitfs of great Yogic power, obeisance to Svadha and Svaha” He repeats this thrice.

Again, he takes the Sahkalpa as mentioned in the first paragraph of this section. Om Svaha unto the Vijve Devas. I shall invoke the Vi ive Devas. When they give permission saying ‘Yes Invoke’, he repeats the Mantra ‘Om Viive dev& b Srnutemam etc. upto ‘Rajanam parayamasi and invokes ‘May the powerful Viive Devas of noble dignity come. Those who are engaged in this Sraddha shall be cautious. Om, may the platform be free from Asuras and Rakfasas. After this, he scatters barley grains thrice.

8. The householder then says: ' Om, I shall prepare the Pitra (the vessel) when they permit saying ‘Yes do’ he takes the blades of Kufa grass and twists them in the form of Trivft Pavitra repeating the Mantras ‘Pavitre stho vai$navyau and ‘Om Vijpurmanasa pute sthafr and places the Pavitra inside the vessel.

9. Repeating the mantra ‘Om janno devih he pours water in the vessel. Repeating the mantra ‘Om yavosi etc. he puts the yava grains. Repeating the mantra ‘Gandha Dvaram etc 9 he offers the scents. Repeating the mantra ‘Om ya divya & pah etc. he offers water to the brahmin and places the Samsrava and Pavitra near the brahmin. Then pouring the Samsrava water in the former vessel he places it over the Kuga grass upright and places a blade of Kuja over it also.

10. Here are these scents, flowers, incense, lamp, a pair of garments and Sacred Thread to the Vi$ve Devas. Obeisance.

Let this offer of scents, etc., be unimpaired. The brahmins say ‘Be it so.

1 1. Then he seeks permission saying ‘Shall I perform the Sr& ddha of Pitre, grandfather, great grandfather, maternal grandfather, maternal great grandfather and maternal great great grandfather? When the brahmins say ‘Yes, do, he repeats ‘Om Devatabhyah etc thrice.

12. Here is the seat and Svadha unto our father, grandfather, etc. of such and such names accompanied by their wives.

Saying so, he places the seat towards the left of the brahmin.

Om, I invoke the Pitfs. The brahmin says ‘yes invoke. He repeats the mantra ‘Om ayantu nah pitarah, etc. Thus the invocation. Then ‘Om may the Asuras and Raksasas clear away from the platform. He scatters Tila grains. Repeating the mantra ‘Tilosi Somadaivatyo etc and hands over Tila seeds to the brahmin.

13. After giving scents and flowers to the brahmin he takes the Pitrp& tra and repeats ‘Y£ divya etc ‘Om. My father of such and such gotra and such and such a name accompanied by thy wife, here is Arghya and Svadha unto thee. The vessel with Pavitra is then placed on the left side of the brahmin over the Ku£ a grass. Repeating the Mantra 01 x 1 Pitrbhyafr stha namasi’ he places the vessel face down.

14. ‘Om, may the worlds occupied by the Pitrs be sanctified. Thou art the seat of the Pitrs/ he touches the vessel face down. Thou art the ball of rice soaked in ghl. He asks the Pitrbrahmin 'Shall I place it on fire? then he says, 'Yes do’ Om Svaha unto Agni the bearer of Kavya and sprinkles two drops of ghl in the hands of Deva brahmin and gives a portion of the ball of rice in his hand. A portion of the rice is kept for the ball of rice (pinda)and the remaining is put in the vessel of Pitfs and that of maternal grandfather.

15. He covers the vessel with Ku£ a grass and lifts it with both the hands kept prone. Repeats the mantra c Om Prthivi te pa tram’ etc and invokes the vessel. Repeating the mantra ‘Idam Vi$nuh etc, the thumb of the brahmin is placed in the middle of the rice.

16. Repeating the mantra ‘Apa hata he scatters Yava grains thrice. Reaping the mantra ‘Om Nihanmi etc. he scatters the sum of money intended.

1 7. Om Svaha, here is the rice with ghl, pickles and drinking water to the gods named 'Madhuvilocana’ and with water and Ku£ a the same is contemplated as such. Om, may this rice be unimpaired. Om, may the contemplated be realised.

18. Then wearing the sacred thread in the opposite direction be places all foodstuffs, side-dishes, ghl, etc in a vessel in front of the Pitfbrahmin and places a blade of grass half covering the vessel and half over the ground. Then be lifts the vessel with his palms supine repeating the mantra 'Om Prthivi etc.

Repeating the mantra 'Idam Vi^nob he places the thumb of the brahmin in supine position over the foodstuff. Then he repeats the Mantra 'Apahata etc and scatters gingelly seeds.

He then kneels with his left knee touching the ground. Here is the foodstuff with side dishes, drinking water and ghl, devoid of forbidden food, and Svadha unto my Pitrs, Pitamaha, etc.

accompanied by their wives and named such and such belonging to such and such Gotra. The Sankalpa

(contemplation) ibr the food is the mantra 'Om Orjam Vahantlh' etc. He then pours a few drops of water facing the South.

19. Om, may this Sriddha be unimpaired Om, may the contemplated be realised. Orii Bhu Bhuvali Svafc, and after that he recites the mantra ‘Om Madhu Vat& h 9, etc.

20-21. He shall then say — ‘Ye be pleased to take food conveniently and refraining from speech. 9 He shall then repeat the Pitf Stotra beginning with ‘Sapta VyadhaV ‘Seven hunters are in the Da& ri^a lands. The deer are in the mountain Kalafijara. The Cakravaka birds are in the Saradvlpa and the Swans are in the Manasa lake. Those brahmins of noble family and the extensive knowledge of the Vedas are in Kuruk? etra. You have started on a long journey and are likely to be tired out by them. "

22. Then he shall say ‘Be satiated. 9 With the sacred thread worn left-ways and facing south, the mantra ‘Om Agnidagdhah 9 etc shall be repeated. “May the Pitrs who were duly cremated and those who were not, in our family be pleased with what I offer on the Earth and becoming satiated may they attain the highest goal. 99 Saying so he shall place the rice soaked in ghl on the Ku£ a grass on the ground pouring water over it.

23. Then water is to be offered to the brahmins in order as the last mouthful. He then repeats Gayatri with the Vyahftis and the mantra ‘Madhuvata 9 etc. He then asks the Deva brahmin ‘The food appealed to you, I hope 9. When he says ‘Yes very much 9, he asks — ‘Om, what shall I do with the remaining food? 9 The brahmin replies ‘Let it be partaken by you along with your near and dear 9. Then he asks the Pitr brahmin wearing the sacred thread left ways. ‘Om I hope you are satiated? 9 He replies ‘Om we are satiated 9. Thereafter the ground is sprinkled with water, a circle and a square are drawn and gingelly seeds are scattered.

24. O my father! of this name, of this gotra, accompanied by thy wife, here is the seat for the Pin^a unto thee and

Svadh&. Similarly, for grandfather too in the middle of the line. Then G& yatrl with Vy& hrtis is repeated and the Mantra ‘Madhu Vit& 9 etc is repeated thrice. The ball of rice soaked in ghl is placed on the blade of Ku£ a grass invoking father and grandfather with respective names Gotra, etc, saying ‘Here is the Piri^a unto Thee and Svadh&. Then with the Mantras as before, the pi^da is scattered. Near the pinda ‘Om may the Lepabhuks (those who take lambatives) be pleased. ’ Then he wipes his hand on the Kuia grass. With the water washing the pinda he repeats the mantra and says ‘O my father (name Gotra, etc. ) accompanied by thy wife, I am making this water libation unto thee and to those that are after thee. Svadha unto thee. ” Thus the Pitrpinda is sprinkled. Then he places the Pindapatra face down. With hands joined together he repeats the Mantra — ‘Om Pitar Madayadhvam’ etc. Touching water he turns about on the left and faces the north. He then takes Pranayama thrice and says obeisance unto the six seasons.

25. Turning again to the left a flower is handed over.

May this rite be unimpaired and unbothered. May merit accrue. Facing the south he repeats the Mantra ‘Ami madanta Pitarah’ etc. Untying the upper cloth, and joining palms he says ‘Obeisance unto ye, obeisance unto ye. O Pitrs, rice of the house is given. ” Saying this he looks at the house (all round). “Here is your cloth, O Pitrs of this Gotra and Svadhi. ” Then the thread is given. He lifts the water pitcher with the left hand. Repeating the Mantra ‘Orjam vahantlli’ the water is poured over the pinda.

26. From the water pitcher placed before, the remaining water is taken and the pindas are sprinkled. Invoking the pinda, scents etc are given. Ku£ a grass and a leaf is placed over the pinda. Then he repeats the Mantra —

“Ak? annami” —

etc, three times.

27. Similarly, everything is performed for the brahmins representing maternal grandfather and others — Acamana “Om, may the sprinkling be excellent. ” He sprinkles the water.

‘Om, Gods are stationed in the middle water. Everything is founded in the water. May the water placed in the hand of the brahmin be holy into us all. ’ Then he hands over the water to the brahmin, “Lak$m! is stationed in the lotus. Lak? mi stays in the cowshed always. Let there be good will of thine for ever. ’

He repeats the Mantra ‘Somasya’ etc. ‘Whatever is progressive and conducive to the welfare in the world shall be mine forever. Om, may this be unimpaired and unbothered. ’ Then Yava grains are given.

28. ‘May the food and drink offered to my father, grandfather and great grandfather with their wives, belonging to such and such gotra, be everlasting. He then hands over the gingelly seeds. The brahmin says ‘Be it so ‘May the benediction of maternal grandfather and others be unending.

Om, may the Pitrs be non cruel. May our gotra flourish. May our donors flourish. May Vedas and progeny flourish. May not our faith recede. May there be much for us to give. May our foodstuffs increase. May we get guests. May there be mendicants flocking to us. Let us not beg of anyone. May these blessings be given.

29. May there be good will. When the brahmin says — ‘Be it so’ in the place where pintfa is given he drops the Pavitra for the sake of Arghya. He then takes up the Pavitra and Ku£ a and with it he touches the brahmin.

He asks — ‘Shall I recite the Svadha. He replies “Om, let it be recited. ‘Om, let the Svadha be announced to father, grandfather and greatgrandfather of such and such names along with their wives. When the brahmin says — ‘Let the Svadha be presented he shall repeat the Mantra ‘Orjam Vahantlh” and pour water.

30. ‘Om. May ViSvedevas be pleased in this Yajfta’ saying thus he places Yava grains in the hand of the brahmin.

When he says ‘Om, let them be pleased he shall repeat ‘Om devat& bhyah etc. three times.

31. Looking down he moves the Pin< ja Patras to and fro and performs Acamana. He wears the sacred thread in the - normal way and faces the east ‘Om, I offer unto thee of such and such gotra, named so and so, of brahmanical clan and accompanied by thy wife, this silver piece as Dak$iria for the fulfilment of this Sraddha. Saying so the Dak^ina is handed over. Similarly, the Dak? ina is given to the Devabrahmana also.

32. Then facing the Pitr Brahmin the question is put ‘Are the Pinzas ready. He replies ‘Yes very well. He pours the milk over the Pinda. Then the Pinda is moved to and fro. The guest brahmin keeps the Pi$da P& tra in supine position. The Mantra ‘Ozh Vaje vaje etc is repeated and Pinda is cast.

Then the mantra ‘Amav& jasya etc is repeated and the Devas are bid farewell to.

With the Mantra Om, Abhiramyatam’ the Pitf brahmin is bid farewell to. The householder returns without the brahmins following. The Pindas are then given to cows, etc.

33-34. This is the rule of procedure in a Sraddha. If this is read it quells sins. Wherever Sraddha is performed according to these rules the ancestors are everlastingly propitiated. The performer is sure to attain heaven. Thus I have explained the Parvana Sraddha which helps the manes attain Brahmaloka.

CHAPTER TWO HUNDRED AND NINETEEN.

Dharmaf& stra.

Brahmd said:

1. I shall explain the Nityairiddha (the daily Sraddha).

As the previous one, this too has a special variety.

Om, I shall perform the Sriddha of my father, grandfather and great grandfather of such and such names, such and such Gotra and accompanied by their wives by means of cooked rice offered to you.

The procedure of seating, etc has to be followed (as before) except that of ViSve dev as.

2. I shall explain Vrddhiiraddha (i. e. Sraddha on special joyous occasions). As before everything is followed and its special variety too. On the joyous occasions of seeing the new born son’s face, etc, Vrddhi Sraddha has to be performed. The brahmins face the east while sitting. The householder wears the sacred thread in the normal way. Yava seeds and Badara fruits are used with Ku£ a grass. Devatirtha (holy water consecrated), Namaskara and the offering of Dakjina everything as usual.

3. The householder touches his right knee and says ‘Om, today on this joyous occasion, when the Sraddha of our grandmotSer and mother of such and such Gotra and of such and such name has to be performed. ’I have first to perform the Sraddha of Viivedevas named Vasus and Satyas by means of cooked rice offered to you. 1 Saying this he invites the Deva brahmin; When he says ‘Oin you shall perform it’ he proceeds to invite the other brahmin.

4. Thereafter is the procedure of Nandi Mukha Sraddha of the greatgrandmother mentioning the name, Gotra etc.

followed by the invitation of the brahmin representing great grandmother, his formal permission, etc. Thereafter the same procedure for maternal great grandmother and the brahmin representing her.

5. The items of seating the brahmins representing the principal deity, Pitrs and all Devas and the other usual ancillary rites are performed duly. He then repeats the Mantra ‘Om Vi$ve Deva^ grnutemam etc. This is the invocation of Vigvedevas. Scents etc. are given. Statements about the Sraddha being unimpaired.

6. Similar items concerning activities and statements with regard to great grandmother, grandmother, mother, great grandfather great great maternal grandfather etc. Then food is placed and offered to the Devas named Vasus and Satyas along with the side dishes, Badara fruit, curd and devoid of forbidden foodstuffs. “Om, O Nandimukhi, of such and such Gotra, my grandmother, named so and so here is the food unto you alongwith Badara fruit and curd.

Obeisance. ”

Similarly for maternal grandfather and great grandfather.

7. Ekoddifta (The Sraddha for a single mane) is also performed as before. I shall explain its special variety, listen.

First the invitation. Then washing of the feet, seating. ‘Today I shall perform the Ekoddi? ja Sraddha, the annually recurring one, of my father of such and such a name and of such and such a Gotra, by means of cooked rice offered through you.

Permission is formally sought and given. Seat, scents etc. are given. The food is placed and contemplated. Japas are performed with the sacred thread worn in the opposite direction.

Facing the north he performs the Atithi Sriddha.

8. He then enquires about their being satiated. He faces the south with the sacred thread worn in the opposite direction. He stands near the place where they had taken food and repeats the Mantra ‘Agnidagdha’ (duly cremated with fire). Then the pin< }anna is scattered. ‘O my father! of such and such a name, of such and such a Gotra, I offer this water libation to thee as well as to those that follow thee. Svadha unto thee. Water is poured over the line. All other things as before.

CHAPTER TWO HUNDRED AND TWENTY.

Dharmaf& stra.

Brahmd said:

1. I shall mention the rite of Sapin^ikarana (Joining the pindaofthe recently dead father with that of the other ancestors) which, if performed on the day of the first anniversary of the death, duly enables the dead father to attain the Pitrloka (the region of the manes).

2. The Sapirujlkarana has to be performed in the afternoon. The other rites are the same as before. The brahmins representing grandfather, etc, are invited. Om, obeisance, here is the seat unto the deities named Pururava and Adrava.

The seat is offered on the left side. Then the invocation is done. Permission is formally sought for the performance of the Sraddha of grandfather and great grandfather accompanied by their wives. Three separate vessels are placed. Ku£ a grass is placed over the vessels. They are covered with other vessels.

All the items are duly performed till the request for the Sraddha being unimpaired. Then all these items for the recently dead father and mother mentioning names, etc, till the request for its being unimpaired.

3. After concluding that, the covering vesselr~are taken off. The three vessels representing grandfather, great grandfather and“ great great grandfather are slightly shaken in the due order. ‘Om, those that are similar and similar-minded the Pitfs in the region of Yama, — to them we offer Svadha and obeisance. Let this Yajfia be of the same efficacy as in the case of the Devas. ’

‘Om, May the splendour of those living beings who are mine, similar to me and similar-minded among other living beings, be efficacious to me for a hundred years. ’ Repeating the above two Mantras, he pours the water from the vessel of grandfather into that of great grandfather and the water from both these vessels as well as Pavitra is kept in the vessel representing the recently dead father. The vessel of great great grand-father is left off.

4. The Pavitra in the vessel is handed over to the brahmin representing Pitr (father). With the flower in the vessel, his head, hands and feet are worshipped. Water from another vessel is slightly poured into the hand of the Pitr brahmin. The vessel is then held in both the hands and the Mantra ‘Ya divyah etc is repeated. Then he invokes the grandfather along with his wife mentioning their name and gotra and says ‘here is Svadha and Arghya unto you. ’ He then pours water from Pitr vessel for Arghya into the hand of the brahmin representing grandfather. Some water is taken for sprinkling the Pinda. On the left side, the vessel is placed prone on a Kuia grass the tip of which is turned towards the South. He says ‘Thou art the seat of the Pitre.

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