Topic: Coronaviruses – SARS, MERS, SARS-CoV-2 virus.

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Date_____________

Class 15

Topic: Coronaviruses – SARS, MERS, SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Questions to be discussed:

1. Human Coronaviruses SARS virus, MERS virus, SARS-CoV-2 virus.

2. Morphology and structure of the SARS-CoV-2.

3. Replicative cycle and targets for the antiviral treatment.

4. SARS-CoV-2 - causative agent of COVID-19. Pathogenesis of the infection.

5. Clinical symptoms of Covid-19 and sequelae of the disease.

6. Approaches used in the laboratory diagnosis of the COVID-19.

7. Treatment and prophylaxis of the COVID-19.

Practical tasks:

1. Label the main structural elements of the SARS-CoV-2 virus:

2. Label the main stages of the virus replication and possible targets for antiviral treatment:

3. Study “Immune response and disease spectrum” diagram

4. Laboratory diagnosis:

-Rapid antigen testing

Rapid antigen testing is a monoclonal antibody ELISA test against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N), abnormally expressed in infected cells. The test has a reported sensitivity of 84. 1% and a specificity of 98. 5%. No cross-reaction with human and animal coronaviruses in the assay were reported.

- Viral testing

Viral testing is performed by the RT-qPCR test, used for qualitative detection of the nucleic acid for SARS-CoV-2. Swabs are usually taken from nasal, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, sputum or lower respiratory tract aspirates or wash. Positive tests indicate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and together with the clinical picture support the diagnosis. Negative test results do not preclude SARS-CoV-2 infection, and shall be interpreted in light of the clinical picture and epidemiologic information.

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