Major. Period. Estimate. Process. Research. Method. Source. Identify. Specific. Evident. Factor. Involve. Export. Distribute

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Role

/ ɹoʊl /

(n) a character played by an actor; a part that someone or something has in a particular activity or situation

● I had a minor role in the play.

● I think everybody here recognizes the importance of a role model.

● While the Moon fulfills its role of lighting the night, it also serves key roles in the cycles of life.

Other words in this family: roles

Major

/ ˈmeɪ dʒəɹ /

(adj) very important; a large number or amount; very serious

● Researchers have announced a major advance in the treatment of cancer.

● We've learned that there are major differences in the ways that women and men experience disease.

● The accident caused major delays in traffic.

(n) the main subject studied by a college or university student

● The university offers a dozen majors within the foreign language department.

● He chose history as his major and French as his minor.

● It took me 5 years to finish my major.

Other words in this family: majorities, majority

Period

/ ˈpɪəɹ i əd /

(n) a length of time during which something happens

● The period between Christmas and New Year's Eve is very busy for us.

● It's also a time period that I particularly love; I love the music from the 1940s.

● Students are in second period from 10:00am until 11:30am.

(adj) about a particular time in history

● The actors wore period costumes from the 1800s.

● The museum is full of period art from the Renaissance.

● Period laws and practices can sometimes be shocking to us today.

Other words in this family: periodic, periodical, periodically, periodicals, periods

Estimate

noun /ˈɛs tə mɪt, -ˌmeɪt /

(n) a rough calculation or judgement about the value, size, or cost of something

● According to government estimates, current oil reserves are 10 percent lower than they were a year ago.

● Two hundred and thirty billion dollars was the estimate in 2007.

● The appraiser came up with an estimate of the value of the house in about 2 hours.

verb /ˈɛs təˌmeɪt/

(v) to give or form a general idea about the value, size, or cost of something

● They estimated the distance at about three miles.

● She estimates that this is the worst drought in California in over 1200 years.

● We estimate now there are about 10,000 of these diseases.

Other words in this family: estimated, estimates, estimating, estimation, estimations, over-estimate, overestimate, overestimated, overestimates, overestimating, underestimate, underestimated, underestimates, underestimating

Process

/ ˈprɑs ɛs/

(n) a series of actions that produce something or that lead to a particular result

● Learning a foreign language can be a difficult process.

● Curdling milk is part of the cheese-making process.

● My editing is a process of going through thousands of pages and cutting them down to twenty pages, to ten pages, to five, to two.

(v) to change something from one form into another; do deal with something (like a document or request); to take in and use (like information)

● Your application will be processed in 5 to 10 business days.

● I need a second to process what you’re telling me.

● The store processed my payment but forgot to ship my order.

Other words in this family: processed, processes, processing

Research

/ ɹɪˈsɜɹtʃ, ˈɹi sɜɹtʃ /

(n) careful study that is done to find and report new knowledge about something

● She conducts research on blood cancers.

● As soon as I got home that day, I did some research.

● Scientists raced in their research to find a vaccination for Covid-19.

(v) to study something carefully; to collect information about a subject

● Before going out to eat, she researched area restaurants.

● We don't have statistics on that, and we're hoping a graduate student who listens to this episode will research it.

● He has been researching Arabic linguistics for 5 years now.

Other words in this family: researched, researcher, researchers, researches, researching

Method

/ ˈmɛθ əd /

(n) a way of doing something

● I recommend using the "play it, say it" practice method in Rachel's English Academy.

● They have a very different method of educating people.

● Is there any early detection method for this disease?

Other words in this family: methodical, methodological, methodologies, methodology, methods

Source

/ sɔɹs, soʊɹs /

(n) someone or something that provides what is wanted or needed; the cause of something (such as a problem)

● She has been a great source of strength to me.

● What if you had to drive four hours to charge your phone because you had no reliable source of electricity?

● For me, nature has always been a source of wonder and inspiration.

Other words in this family: sourced, sources, sourcing

Identify

/ aɪˈdɛn (t)ə faɪ; ɪˈdɛn (t)ə faɪ/

(v) to know and say who someone is or what something is

● He correctly identified the tree by its unusual leaf shape.

● They say in much of Europe, eaters can identify the region and the month by what's on the menu.

● I identify as a woman of color.

Other words in this family: identifiable, identification, identified, identifies, identifying, identities, identity, unidentifiable

Specific

/ spɪˈsɪf ɪk /

(adj) special or particular; clearly and exactly presented or stated

● Is there anything specific you want for dinner?

● The doctor gave the patient specific instructions on how to care for the wound.

● Now you can get the specific song that you want to hear without commercials.

Other words in this family: specifically, specification, specifications, specificity, specifics

Evident

/ ˈɛv ɪ dənt /

(adj) clear to the sight or mind; obvious

● The problems have been evident for quite some time; everyone knows about them.

● Fear was evident when I would ask my 13-year-old, "Young man, where do you see yourself in five years?"

● That data is evident by itself.

Other words in this family: evidence, evidenced, evidential, evidently

Quiz A (Days 1-5)

Choose the best word to complete each sentence.

I had a minor _____ in the play.

identify
evident
labor
role

Using my Google calendar helps me _____ my week.

method
structure
estimate
labor

The cost of repairing the car includes parts and _____.

income
function
process
labor

Nobody’s born with an accent; the accent comes from the _____.

environment
individual
role
source

Curdling milk is part of the cheese-making _____.

labor
structure
method
process

For me, nature has always been a _____ of wonder and inspiration.

period
function
significant
source

The actors wore _____ costumes from the 1800s.

income
estimate
period
research

Even on two _____, we're having a hard time keeping up with our bills.

environments
incomes
estimates
majors

There is a(n) _____ difference in prices between the two stores.

significant
finance
income
specific

The problems have been _____ for quite some time; everyone knows about them.

individual
specific
significant
evident

The bank won't _____ a loan if you don't have good credit.

finance
source
estimate
identify

Is there any early detection _____ for this disease?

function
role
environment
method

The doctor gave the patient _____ instructions on how to care for the wound.

significant
major
specific
evident

They say in much of Europe, eaters can _____ the region and the month by what's on the menu.

estimate
process
source
identify

Scientists raced in their _____ to find a vaccination for Covid-19.

function
environment
labor
research

An egg carton has twelve _____ spaces.

function
individual
structure
estimate

Government rules and regulations can impact a country's _____.

economy
function
individual
period

I can’t _____ on less than 7 hours of sleep.

major
finance
estimate
function

The accident caused _____ delays in traffic; it took me an extra 2 hours to get here.

evident
specific
income
major

They _____ the distance at about three miles.

structured
researched
identified
estimated

For Quiz answers and explanations, see the end of the document.

Days 6-10

Factor

/ ˈfæk təɹ /

(n) one of the things that causes something to happen

● Poor planning was a major factor in the company's failure.

● The Supreme Court is the deciding factor.

● We know that age is a factor that affects neurodegenerative disease.

(v) to consider or include something in making a judgment or calculation

● We need to factor time into our calculations.

● Several points factor into our decision.

● You have to factor weather into your total travel time.

Other words in this family: factored, factoring, factors

Issue

/ ˈɪʃ u/

(n) something that people are talking about, thinking about, etc.

● The manager's speech addressed a number of important issues.

● All of those things continue to be an issue on the rise.

● You start by talking about what the issue is, the problem.

(v) to give something to someone in an official way

● The police have issued numerous tickets for speeding.

● There was a report that was just issued about a week ago.

● This is a coin issued during his lifetime.

Other words in this family: issued, issues, issuing

Involve

/ ɪnˈvɑlv /

(v) to have or include someone or something as a part of something

● The accident involved three cars.

● We'll also likely see more extreme events that involve wind and rain.

● Those challenges often involve your family's health and finances.

Other words in this family: involved, involvement, involves, involving, uninvolved

Occur

/ əˈkɜɹ /

(v) to happen, appear, or exist

● There's a chance that a similar event will occur in the future.

● Lunar eclipses occur only during the full moon phase.

● Those issues aren’t occurring right now.

Other words in this family: occurred, occurrence, occurrences, occurring, occurs, reoccur, reoccurred, reoccurring, reoccurs

Export

verb / ɪkˈspɔɹt, -ˈspoʊɹt, ˈɛk spɔɹt, -spoʊɹt/

(v) to send a product to be sold in another country

● About 90 countries exported oil to the U.S. in 2019.

● We export products, cars, widgets, et cetera.

● Of all the goods that we export to the world, only one percent still goes to Sub-Saharan Africa.

noun, adj / ˈɛk spɔɹt, -spoʊɹt /

(n, adj) a product that is sent to another country to be sold there

● (n) Exports to China have risen this year.

● (n) Bananas and plantains alone make up about 15% of all exports.

● (adj) One of its top export markets is Japan.

Other words in this family: exported, exporter, exporters, exporting, exports

Distribute

/ dɪˈstrɪb jut /

(v) to give or deliver something to people or businesses

● Millions of masks have been distributed to stores world-wide since the pandemic began.

● Our company distributes milk, and eggs, and chicken, and peanut butter, and rice, and beans.

● Our bodies distribute fat in different places based on hormones.

Other words in this family: distributed, distributing, distribution, distributional, distributions, distributive, distributor, distributors, redistribute, redistributed, redistributes, redistributing, redistribution

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