Questions for Checkpoint 1.. Introduction

Questions for Checkpoint 1.

Introduction

1. Purpose, content, place of histology, cytology and embryology in the system of training a doctor. The beginning and development of histology, cytology and embryology as independent sciences.

2. The development of histology, cytology and embryology in the XX century.

3. The current stage in the development of histology, cytology and embryology.

4. Methods of preparations manufacture for light microscopy. The essence and methods of object fixation. Methods of embedding. Microtomy using sled, rotary microtomes. Freezing method. The essence and methods of staining of micropreparations and their imprisonment in balsam, resin, gelatin.

5. Types of micropreparations - sections, smears, films.

6. Technique of microscopy in light microscopes.

7. Features of microscopy in ultraviolet rays, luminescence microscopy, phase contrast microscopy, interference microscopy, laser confocal microscopy.

8. Electron microscopy (transmission and scanning), methods of manufacturing of samples for electron microscopy.

9. Special methods in histology - histochemistry (including electronic histochemistry), radioautography, immunohistochemistry, fractionation of cellular contents using ultracentrifugation.

10. Methods for the study of living cells - tissue culture outside and inside the body, cloning, the formation of heterokaryons and cell hybrids, intravital staining.

11. Quantitative research methods: cytophotometry, electronic microphotometry, spectrofluorometry, densitometry.

12. Research methods in embryology - features of fixation and preparation of total preparations and sections of embryonic organs. Serial sections and plastic reconstruction of embryological objects. Methods for determining the age of the human embryo.

⇐ Предыдущая 123 4 Следующая ⇒