Individual work. student of _____ group. Lesson 16 (II). Water-salt balance. Specificity of metabolism in kidney.

Individual work

student of _____ group

_______________________________________________

^(name)

Lesson 16 (II). Water-salt balance. Specificity of metabolism in kidney.

1. Explain the main functions of kidney::

1) Formation of urine.

а) excretion ( _______________________________________________________________ );

b) homeostasis ( _____________________________________________________________ ).

2) Endocrine ( ________________________________________________________________ ).

3) Metabolic ( ________________________________________________________________ ).

2. Write the main components of urine in norm and at pathology.

3. At nephritic syndrome the urine is foamy. Why? _________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4. The process of urine production consists of tree stages:

1) Filtration at the glomerules (all soluble components of plasma with Мr < 65 kDa and the size less then 3 nm);

2) Selective reabsorption (glucose, lactate, keto acids, amino acids, water, Na⁺, Ca⁺⁺, Mg⁺⁺, Cl^–, HCO₃^– etc.);

3) Secretion (Н⁺, К⁺, uric acids, creatinine, drugs).

Name the vitamin and hormones that regulate this process:

_______________________________________________________________________________

5. One of symptom of the chronic failure of kidney is anaemia. Why? __________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

6. Improve the role of kidney in maintenance of acid-base balance:

7. The kidneys play a major role in maintenance of blood pressure. Fill in the schemes of the hormonal mechanism of regulation of this process:

8. Fill in the scheme of kidney role in the metabolism of vitamin D.

OH OH

_________________ ____________________