How Is Osteomyelitis Treated?. Atypical forms

How Is Osteomyelitis Treated?

Treating osteomyelitis depends on:

the age and general health of the child
how severe the infection is
whether the infection is acute (recent) or chronic (has been going on for a longer time)

Treatment includes antibiotics for the infection and medicine for pain relief. Most kids with osteomyelitis have a brief stay in the hospital to get IV (given in a vein) antibiotics to fight the infection. They can go home when they feel better, but might need to continue IV or oral antibiotics for several more weeks.

Sometimes surgery is needed to clean out an infected bone. If a cavity or hole developed in the bone and is filled with pus (a collection of bacteria and white blood cells), a doctor will do a debridement

Atypical forms

Septic arthritis can occur in any joint, but if not diagnosed early can lead to devastating complications. The most common organism causing septic arthritis in infants and children less than 3 years is Staphylococcus aureus. Osteomyelitis caused by atypical organisms are often termed atypical osteomyelitis. Salmonella is commonly considered in the differential diagnosis of osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell anaemia

Salmonella is an encapsulated, motile, facultative anaerobic bacilli, gram negative, coliform group bacteria belonging to the family of enterobacteraciae. The reported incidence of Salmonella osteomyelitis is 0. 45% in normal population and it is 70% in children with sickle cell disease. Salmonella typhi is a human pathogen whereas non typhi group of organisms including typhimurium is transmitted from animals

References

1. Brackenridge, R. D. C.; Croxson, Richard S.; Mackenzie, Ross (2016). Medical Selection of Life Risks 5th Edition Swiss Re branded. Springer. p. 912. ISBN 978-1349566327. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10.

2. Root, Richard K.; Waldvogel, Francis; Corey, Lawrence; Stamm, Walter E. (1999). Clinical Infectious Diseases: A Practical Approach. Oxford University Press. p. 577. ISBN 978-0-19-508103-9.

3. Burnett, M. W.; J. W. Bass; B. A. Cook (1998-02-01). " Etiology of osteomyelitis complicating sickle cell disease". Pediatrics. 101 (2): 296–97.

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