VOLGOGRAD STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

VOLGOGRAD STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Children’s surgery

Osteomyletis in children

RAMAR SOLAIMUTHU

COURSE -5

GROUP -45

Osteomyelitis, or inflammation of the bone, is usually caused by bacterial infection. Bone infections in children are primarily hematogenous in origin, although cases secondary to penetrating trauma, surgery, or infection in a contiguous site are also reported. Clinical suspicion is always helpful to obtaining a correct diagnosis.

Signs and symptoms

Long bones, including the femur, tibia, and humerus, are typically affected.

Bacteria can infect bones in a few ways. For instance:

Bacteria can travel into the bone through the bloodstream from other infected areas in the body. This is called hematogenous (heh-meh-TAH-gen-us) osteomyelitis. It's the most common way that kids get bone infections.
A direct infection can happen when bacteria enter a wound and travel to the bone (like after an injury or surgery). Open fractures — breaks in the bone with the skin also open — are the injuries that most often develop osteomyelitis.
Sometimes the bacteria can spread from a nearby infection. For example, an untreated infection in skin or a joint can spread to the bone.

The doctor will do a physical exam and ask questions about recent injuries to the painful area. Blood tests can check for an increased white blood cell count (a sign of infection) and other signs of possible inflammation or infection. An X-ray may be ordered although X-rays don't always show signs of infection in a bone in the early stages.

The doctor may do a needle aspiration to get a sample from the bone. This lets the doctor find out which bacteria caused the infection. It also can help the doctor decide which antibiotic would best treat the infection.

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