THE GARUDA PURANA 66 страница

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35-36. A hundred years after, he created Varuna from his organ of taste and made him the presiding deity of that organ.

Twenty years after, he created Gaiiga from the very organ of taste and made her the presiding deity of that organ.

37. Ten years after, he created Narada from his lap.

Narada became very dear to him.

38-40. He created Agni from his organ of touch, sixty years after.

He, the presiding deity of speech, 1 created Svaha 2 after five years. Svaha became the presiding deity of the mantras.

O lord of birds, ten years after, from his eye-brows, he' created Bhrgu, 3 the best of the Brahmanic sages.

After a year, he created a woman who became the wife of Bhrgu.

41. A hundred years after Bhrgu, he created Kasyapa out of his mind.

42. A year after, he created Aditi. Ten years after Kasyapa, he created Atri.

43. Ten years after, he created Bharadvaja.

Ten years after, he created Vasistha.

1. Either Brahma or Brhaspati is meant.

2. Svaha, the wife of god Agni.

3. Bhrgu: Son of Brahma and the founder of Bhigu Variisa, was born of Brahma’s skin.

44. Ten years after, he created women, to become their consorts, at the interval of one year each.

45. After Vasistha, he created Gautama. Ten years after, he created Jamadagni.

46-47. Ten years after, he created Vaivasvata Manu. A hundred years after Manu, was born Visvaksena, the most powerful son of Vayu. Fourteen years after, the lord of ganas was born.

48. O lord of birds, eight years after, he created Kubera; a year after, he created his consorts.

49. Ten years after Visvaksena, he created Jaya and others the devotees of the lord.

50. After Jaya, he created the deities of activities — Valla and others. A hundred years after, he created the bull Nandi, the Vehicle of Siva.

51. Thirty years after, he created Parjanya, the presiding deity of Mantras and Yantras.

52. Ten years after, he created Puskara, the presiding deity of the principle of activity.

O lord of birds, thus Brahma started creation at my bidding, in order to oblige me.

He who understands this obtains liberation.

CHAPTER FOURTEEN.

Nature and form of lord Vifnu and Benefits of Vaisvadeva.

Garuda said:

1. O lord, let me know the incarnations of lord Visnu, Laksmi and gods, O you of good vow, as also the difference amongst them in regard to their qualities.

LordKrfna said:

2. The eternal, primeval lord has all the qualities in common with Brahma and others.

He is independent, ancient and complete in himself. Such a being is second to none, O lord of birds.

3. His feet and their soles, his nails, hips and throat are all full.

4. Other parts of his body, viz, thighs, belly, breast, shoulders, arms, hair of the head and the body po res of the hair, beards, teeth, penis, scrotum, hair on the scrotum, armpit, eye, ear are also complete.

5. How shall I describe the original form of lord Hari?

So long as there is strength in his composite body there is strength in his each and every hair, he can be called complete.

He is the creator of all, the destroyer of all and the enjoyer of quintessence of all substances.

7-8. He is not the enjoyer of non-essential part of substances. O lord of birds, now hear, I shall tell you the essence of substances.

The juices of the grape, sugar-cane, cocoanut, mango, bread-fruit, orange, betel-nut, date, Banana fruit — the compassionate lord drinks these juices when these are in their form of seed.

9-10. He drinks the juices of the betel, Khadira tree, flower, Sandal, wheat, barley, bean, harem (? ), cultivated and wild rice, corn and unhusked rice.

11-16. Lord Visnu receives the juices of forbidden vegetables, salts, foodstuff, prescribed eatables, soup, substantial foodstuff— milk, curd, butter-milk, ghee, foetid, mustard, pepper, cumin seed food cooked in the sacrificial ghee, treacle roasted or fried in the oil, butter, clove, sugar, — lord Vasudeva partakes of these essences with pleasure.

By order of the lord of LaksmI, the abode of all living beings, Vasudeva enjoys the essences of all these things. O best of disciples, the rest of the juices are enjoyed by the ruling monarch, the lord of the earth.

The devotees of lord Vasudeva, usually, have no knowledge of essences. Leaving aside these devotees, we talk of the devotees of Visnu who enjoy the essences of substances and thereby avoid coming to grief.

Those who partake of meals without performing Vaisvadeva 1 are the low class of people who eat the stale food.

1. Vaiscadeva — an offering to all deities made by presenting oblations to fire before meals.

17-18. O lord of birds, I shall tell you the additional benefits accruing from Vaisvadeva — benefits which are most guarded secrets, not to be disclosed to any.

Those who offer gifts in respect of the Sun, leaving Vayu and the Supreme lord Hara stationed therein can be said to enjoy the essence. Lord Visnu is said to enjoy the part of essence, not of the total quintessence, although he can enjoy the entire essence by his might unchecked.

19. O lord of birds, I quote another list of essences of substances.

Juicy substances, grapes and the like lose their quintessence with the lapse of time.

20-28. Ripe grapes lose their essence after four days; the rose apple after the same period; the bread fruit after a month, the date after six months, the cocoanut after twentyfour hours since its breaking forth; the cocoanut and the date after they go dry, the mango after a fortnight, the areca nut after a year, the betel after twentyfour minutes; the cooked food, soup, milk-rice after three hours, the foodstuff roasted in the oil after a month and a half, the food roasted in ghee after twelve hours; the vegetables after nine hours; the citron, ginger, amalaka, camphor and mango lose their value after a year.

Parpata loses essence after a fortnight. The holy basil is always full of essence. Dry or green it is always fresh.

29-33. The holy basil, as thought of containing essence even on the EkadasI (eleventh) day should be held either by the hand or the nose, but never by the organ of the tongue.

On EkadasI, the day sacred to Visnu, the cooked food loses essence.

On EkadasI O lord of birds the holy centre of Visnu is full of essence for the whole of the day, exceeds in essence on the second day (so on and so forth). O blessed one, the holy places of bath, if polluted by the articles of worship, scent, etc., lose their essence, similarly if mixed with sweet water.

O lord of birds, on EkadasI, sacred to Visnu, milk, ghee, honey and water are full of essence, while other stuffs are without essence. The best of the sages have declared thus.

34. In the month of Asadha, O Garuda, the vegetable loses all essences.

35. In the month of Bhadrapada, O lord of birds, the curd loses all essences. In the month of As'vina, the milk loses all essences.

36. If a woman does not put the traditional mark Urdhvapundra 1 on her forehead she becomes devoid of essence.

Those who are averse to devotion of Hari are called asuras.

37. The mouth devoid of Hari’s name is without an essence. The cooked food, a part of which is not offered to Hari is essenceless.

38-41. The hemp blossom becomes essenceless after three days. Mallika (Jasmine) for three hours and Jati (a kind of Jasmine) for half that period; a lotus after nine hours, Karavira after twentyfour hours, Parijata after twentyfour minutes, saffron after three years, milk after ten years, camphor after a year, sandal for all times.

I shall now tell you of things that have no essence.

42-47. The chaff of gram, Medhya (a fruit-bearing plant), gruel, the holy basil, parched or fried grain, Upodvaji, gourd, Kofalaki (? ) the egg plant, tamarind, Bilva fruit, Udumbara fruit, onion, garlic — these are essenceless in all times.

The performance of Vaisvadeva Sraddha on Ekadasi, offering of water libation to the manes, cremation of the dead with the mantras are always essenceless.

Lord Hara does not accept such inauspicious gifts. He, the omniscient lord, makes sinners reap their evil deeds while he himself does not taste them. The partaking of essenceless food is the result of their evil deeds.

48. Common people do not partake of essential food.

On the other hand, noble persons like Kunti and others partake of essential food. Lord Visnu himself drinks the sacred but not the polluted water.

49. Who can tell the movements of Hari? The lord is of blissful nature. There is none equal to him at any time or place. O lord of birds, now I shall tell you all about the incarnations of Hari.

1. Cfrdhva-pUndra — a mark worn by the Vaisnavas on their forehead with yellow ochre colour.

CHAPTER FIFTEEN Incarnations of V isnu The lord said:

1. Lord Hari, the primeval being, thought of incarnating himself. He appeared as Visnu, the repository of all virtuous deeds.

2. Lord Visnu, the germ of all creation, incarnated as Vasudeva. He entered the womb of Maya and created Vayu.

3. He entered the womb of Jaya and was born as Samkarsana 1 (Balarama).

4. The lord was born as Pradyumna. He created Sarasvati, Bharatl and the Goddess (Durga).

5. He created Mahat (in subtle form) with sixteen digits accompanied by ego. I shall now tell you the sixteen digits. 6-7. They are: Five primary elements ( mahabhutas ), 2 five organs of actions ( karmendriyas ) 3 and five organs of knowledge (jnanendriyas) 4 and one mind. 5

Thereafter was born Aniruddha. The omnipotent lord gathered Souls and created Gods Brahma and others and invested them with the gross body. O lord of birds, then the primeval Purusa Visnu was born as Sanat Kumara. 6

8. The lord then became Sanandana and in that form he practised celibacy and subdued the ten organs of senses, a

1. Samkarfaiia, Balabhadra, Rama. He was the elder brother of Sri Krsna and the eighth incarnation of Mahavisnu.

2. Five gross elements: earth, water, fire, wind and ether.

3. Karmendriyas: Organs of activity, viz., (1) anus, (2) phallus (3) hands, (4) feet, (5) Speech.

4. Jnanendriyas or buddhindriyas: (1) ears, (2) skin, (3) eyes, (4) tongue and (5) nose.

5. Some regard manas as the eleventh indriya ( manas tvekudasam smrtam ).

6. Sanat Kumara — also known as Sanat Sujata. He is one of the four Sanakadis, the other three being Sanaka, Sanandana and Sanatana.

The Sanakadis were the mental sons of Brahma who as infants were asked to create subjects. But they being the incarnations of Sattva ( purity) were not prepared to undertake creation. They remained celibates for ever.

feat which cannot be accomplished by everybody. The prince Sanandana was no other than the lord himself.

9. Lord Visnu became a hog 1 and took the earth out of waters. He slew Hiranyaksa, protected the pious and established rule of law over the earth.

10. The lord incarnated himself as Mahldasa from his mother YaminI and father who was not a sage. In his incarnation as Mahldasa 2 he preached philosophy of Pancaratra.

1 1. Visnu, known as Narayana, was born in Badarf for effacing sin and destroying impurities. He practiced penance, taught sages and humbled celestial women.

12. The lord became Kapila, 4 explained tattvas, removed doubts and instructed Asuri. 3

13. The lord was born of Atri and Anasuya. He was known as Datta. 6 He imparted instructions in logic to his disciple Alarka. 7

14. Born in the Solar race from Akuti 8 and constituted of permanency ( consciousness and bliss ) he ruled in the S\ ayambhuva Manvantara together with the Devas.

15. O lord of birds, the wide-strider Visnu was born of Nabhi 9 and Marudevi, the daughter of Agnidhra and showed marvels to the honourable learned men of Bharata.

1. The earth was merged under water by Hiranyaksa. Maha Visnu incarnated as the boar and brought the earth out of water by his large teeth.

2. Mahidasa — a preacher of Pancaratra system of philosophy.

3. Badari — Badarikasrama, Badaryasratna. A holy place in the Himalayas where Kara and Narayana performed penance for thousands of years.

4. Kapila was an authority on Sankhya. He has written two books, Samkhya-pravacana and Tattva-Samasa.

5. Asuri — a disciple of Kapila. Compare —

No work of Asuri has so far been discovered.

6. Datta Atreya — the son of hermit Atri. Anasuya the consort of Atri gave birth to Dattatreya. But Dattatreya was an incarnation of Mahavisnu.

7. Alarka — No work is ascribed to him.

8. Akuti — wife of Ruci Prajapati.

9. Nabhi — the eldest son of Agnidhra. He was the father of Rsabha whose son is Bharata. India was called Bharata after the name of this high-souled king.

16. Lord Hari incarnated himself as tortoise 1 supporting the Mandara 2 mountain when it was being used by gods and asuras for churning the ocean.

17-18. Lord Hari was born as Dhanvantari 3 who was as bright as an emerald.

Lest the undesirable things should occur, the lord seized the jar of nectar and assumed the form of a pretty damsel Mohinl 4 and deluded the puffed Asuras.

19. The noble lord incarnated himself as Nrsimha 5 and killed Hiranyakasipu 6 by tearing up his thighs with his nails.

20. The lord was born as Vamana 7 to Aditi and Kasyapa for restoring to lndra the land which had been usurped by

Bali.

21. The lord was born to sage Jamadagni and was known as Parasurama. 8 He wanted to liberate the earth from the yoke of Ksatriyas who hated the Brahmanas.

1. Incarnation as tortoise. Mahavisnu incarnated as tortoise and supported the Mandara mountain when it was being used for churning the milky ocean.

2. Mandara — a mountain in the east of Bharata, near Kailasa. It was used as the churning stick when the milk-ocean was churned.

3. Dhanvantari — born from the ocean of Milk when it was being churned by Devas and Asuras.

4. Mohini — When Devas and Asuras quarrelled with each other over the right of partaking the nectar obtained from the sea of milk, Mahavisnu appeared before them in the guise of Mohini and turned the attention of Asuras on her while the nectar was carried away by Devas.

5. Nrsimha or jXarasimha — Incarnation as lion-man for killing Hiranyakasipu, the brother of Hiranyaksa and protecting Prahlada, a devotee, against his aggressive designs.

6. Hiranyakasipu — son of Kasyapa and Diti and brother of Hiranyaksa, Vajrariga and Simhika, he was a terror to the devotees of Maha-Visnu, including his son Prahlada.

7. Vamana — an incarnation of Mahavisnu. In the guise of a dwarfish brahmin, Mahavisnu begged Mahabali of the entire earth and thrust him to the nether regions.

8. Parasurama — An incarnation of Mahavisnu. He destroyed the wicked Ksatriya kings as a revenge for the death of his father Jamadagni by Sahasrarjuna Karttavlrya.

22. The lord was born as Vyasa 1 from Parasara-Satyavatl. He divided the Vedas into four Samhitas for his pupils — Paila and others.

23. The lord was born in the house of Raghu 2 in the Solar dynasty, to Kausalya and Dasaratha. He challenged the ocean to fight and subjugated him. He fought against Ravana and killed him.

24. Then, in the twenty-eighth Dvapara age, lord Visnu incarnated as Vyasa.

Born as the son of Parasara and Satyavati, 3 he classified the Vedas into four divisions.

25. The lord was born as Krsna 4 to Devaki and Vasudeva. He killed Kamsa and his associates, and protected the Pandavas.

26. Then in the Kali age, the lord was born in the Klkatas 5 as Buddha. 6 He deluded the asuras and flouted the Vedas.

27. Then, at the interval between Kalki 7 and Satya age, the lord will be born in the house ofVisnugupta and slay the rulers who have turned thieves.

1. Vyasa — son of Parasara from Kali, the daughter of a fisherman.

He arranged the Vedas into four Samhitas. The Mahabharata and the Puranas are ascribed to him.

2. Rama (Dasarathi) — an incarnation of Mahavisnu. He defeated the Brahmin sage Parasurama and killed the Brahmin asura Ravar. a.

3. Satyavati — Called by various names: Kali, Matsyagandha, she was the fisherman’s daughter. By copulating with her, Sage Parasara got a son named Vyasa. Later on, she married Santanu and delivered two sons Citrangada and Vicitravirya.

4. Krfria — a full incarnation of Mahavisnu. Born in the Yadava dynasty as the son of Vasudeva and Devaki, Sri Kfsna was the ninth of the ten incarnations of Mahavisnu.

5. Kikafas — name of a country, modern Bihar.

6. Buddha, better known as Gautama Buddha. He was the ninth incarnation of Mahavisnu, born to convert every asura to Buddhism and send him to hell.

7. Kalki — an incarnation of Mahavisnu. As the son of Visnuyasas he will destroy all lawless people; restore normalcy, establish four classes and four stages of life. This would beat the end of Kali and the beginning of Krta age.

28-29- The incarnations of Visnu Narayana are twentyfour:

beginning with Kesava and Samkarsana. Those beginning with Visva are one thousand. Those beginning with Para are enumerable.

These incarnations are of lord Narayana himself. There is not the slightest variation in this statement.

30. Lord Visnu is complete in all respects by virtue of strength, form and qualities. He is eternal by virtue of his eternal qualities, not otherwise.

CHAPTER SIXTEEN.

Incarnations of Mahalakfmi.

Lord Krfna said:

1. O lord of birds, now, listen to the nature of Mahalaksml, her incarnations and the extent of knowledge peculiar to her.

2. O lord of birds, the universe is distinct from the lord.

The personal soul is the eye that perceives the universe. The knowledge of the universe is the knowledge belonging to Laksmi.

3. The eternal Goddess Laksmi is inseparable from the lord. The feet of the lord are her only shelter. She is a released soul. She is always awakened.

4-5. O lord of birds, she is called Prakrti, for, she creates the Universe by her qualities — sattva, rajas and tamas and consumes the world by tamas.

6-8. As the consort of Vasudeva, she is called Maya; as the consort of Sankarsana, Jaya; as the consort of Aniruddha, Santa; as the consort of Pradyumna, Krti; as the consort of Visnu, Laksmi — the presiding deity of Sattva guna. As the presiding deity of tamoguna, she is Durga or Kanyaka. As the sister of Krsna, the son of Nanda, she is called Kanyaka.

9-10. As the goddess of earth, the presiding deity of rajas, she is the consort of Boar. As the presiding deity of the Vedas, she is Annapurna. As the consort of Narayana, she is Laksmi, the unborn.

11. As the consort ofYajna Varaha, she is Daksina.

12. As the consort of Vrsabha, she is Jayanti. As the daughter of Janaka and the wife of Rama, she is Sita.

13-14. Rukmini and Satyabhama were the wives of lord Krsna. The incarnations ofLaksmi are many, O lord of birds and there is no difference among them. The forms of LaksmI, O bird, are inferior to Visnu who possesses enumerable distinctions.

15. Brahma and Vayu are inferior to Visnu by millions of qualities. Now, I shall tell you about the nature of Brahman, O lord of birds.

16. Born of Lord Visnu and his consort Maya, Brahma is called Virinca.

17. Born of Aniruddha and his consort Santa, and constituted of intellect ( Mahat), he obtained the appellation —

Maha virinca.

18. Born of Vasudeva from Maya by rajas, he (Virinci)

is called Vidhi.

19. Bom of Universal egg from the navel lotus of Visnu and seated in the lotus itself, he is called Caturmukha — the fourfaced god, O best of birds.

20. Thus they declare the four names of Brahma. I shall now tell you the names- of Vayu, O lord of birds.

21. Born of Samkarsana and Jaya, he is called Vayu known by the appellation Pradhana.

22-23. As he activates men to work he is called SutraVayu who assumed the form of dhrti to praise Narayana at Badari with steadfast devotion. He stays in the heart of his loyal devotees and is called Hari. Present in the heart of all, Vayu ever remembers lord Hari.

24-25. Vayu is, therefore, called Sthiti, O lord of birds.

Or Vayu alone remembers Hari. Staying in the White Island (, Svetadvipa ) / O lord of birds, he is called Srnrt: '.

26. Vayu abides in the hearts of all people — this is what Lord Visnu has declared Hence, he is called Mukti.

1. Svcta-dvipa — It has ' not been possible to identify this island.

Colonel Wilford has attempted to identify it with Britain. H. M., p. 153.

27. With my consent, he confers liberation to his devotees by imparting knowledge to them. Vayu is called mukti.

28. Abiding in the hearts of his devotees he multiplies their devotion for Visnu. Therefore, he is called the devotee of Visnu.

29. He constitutes the consciousness of living beings. He is called consciousness.

30. O bird, he is the lord of gods and of his associates.

Hence, he is called an Overlord.

31. Staying in the heart of the people, O lord, he observes their strength. O lord of Vinata, he is, therefore, called Bala.

32. Abiding in the hearts of people he conducts sacrifices through their sons and grandsons. He is, therefore, called a sacrificer.

33. From Anantakalpa to Vayukalpa, there is no complexity in Yoga. Therefore, Rju is called Yogya.

34-35. Complexity ofYoga arises from Hari’s worship or from the worship of Isa, Rudra, and others with an object in view. Those who perform such worship are called anrjavas.

36. Among the sages too, those who worship Hari for attaining the object of their desire are called anrjus. The same practice is current among the people.

37. [He cannot obtain release] until he gives up Hari’s worship with an object in view, for desire is an obstacle in the path of realization, even for the sages.

38. Impressions of countless activities performed in previous ages are obstacles to the person seeking for liberation.

He should, therefore, give up worship which aims at the fulfilment of desire.

39. By enlightenment received from Guru’s instructions all activities practically cease to be. Being initiated in Yoga and practising the same, the aspirant achieves liberation after all.

40. The worship of the lord with an object in view imparts riches which controvert knowledge and lead to darkness.

41-44. If the lord is worshipped without any motive that worship leads him to perfect knowledge.

To take a stone, say Sdlagrama or a Brahmana for lord Visnu or water for a holy place or Siva, Surya or Karttikeya for Visnu, O lord of birds, is a false knowledge. To take stone, etc., as nothing but an entity inseparable from Visnu is called Visnubuddhi. One should not differentiate one form of the lord from the other.

45. Vayu is called Rju the worthiest since he worshipped the lord without a motive. Those who worship the lord with a motive are called any us.

46. Vayu is called wisdom (prajna) since he shows the lord ever in sight to those who are on the verge of liberation.

47. He is called jnana (knowledge) as it shows Hari, even beyond the range of sight.

48. Stationed in the heart of devotees and showing them what is wholesome and what is not, he is called Guru.

49. Stationed in the heart of Yogins and meditating on the lord as a distinct entity he is called a meditator.

50. As he comprehends the lord according to his ability and as he knows the qualities abiding in Rudra and other gods he is called Vijna, O best of birds.

51. He is non-attached Viraja since he has abandoned all activities associated with the fulfilment of desire.

52. Or he is called Viraja because abiding in the hearts of Yogins he creates, aversion in them for worldly pleasures.

53. When the results of virtue and sin are exhausted, the gods, as far as Vayu, deserve perfect bliss.

54. As Vayu creates objects of enjoyment for the pleasure of gods, sages and nobles, he is called joyful.

55. O lord of birds, Vayu is the principal deity who suffers both pleasure and pain.

56. Whatever calamity befalls the deities is due to the influence of Asuras.

57. Human soul suffers from affliction caused by the Daityas. People suffer often and anon specially in the Kali age.

58. Vayu consumes all sorrows accruing both from virtue and vice in the Kali age. Hence, Vayu is called Kali.

59. O lord, whatever joys or pleasures accrue to the people are due to divine influences. There is not in the least any doubt in this.

60. O son of Vinata, Devas do not go to hell, and Daityas do not seek pleasure from the objects of pleasure.

61-62. Whatever pleasure they enjoy accrues to them from Devas. Devas have no tamas; they suffer from no pain by coming in contact with the objects of pleasure. Whatever pain they suffer is due to the influence of asuras.

63. Hence, Kali is a sufferer, Vayu is joyous. Ordinary people and sages have both pleasure and pain.

64. Vayu enjoys the fruits of his virtuous deeds. He suffers from his sinful actions. It is hard to escape the results of good or bad activities.

65. Partial incarnations of Lord Vayu from Prana to Sukha are nineteen in number. O lord of birds, the lord has descended on earth several times, each time with a separate identity.

66-67. O lord of birds, I shall explain to you the total incarnations of Vayu. Listen.

Of the fourteen Indras, the second is called Virocana who is identical with Vayu. With his eyes expanded all around, he, the partial incarnation of Marut. is also called Rocana.

68. When lord Rama incarnated on earth, Vayu was born as Hanuman 1 for rendering assistance to Rama.

69. When lord Krsna descended on earth, he was born as Bhlma, the offspring of Vayu.

70-71. Vayu will be born as Maniman daitya, known as Sankara. He will be so called, for he will abolish caste and destroy dharma.

72. Then he will be born as the son of Vasudeva. There will be none equal to him in the fourteen worlds. 2 He will be fully equipped with wisdom.

1. Hanuman — a monkey-chief. He was the son of Anjana by the god wind or Marut. He is represented as a monkey of extraordinary strength and prowess which he manifested on several critical occasions on behalf of Rama whom he regarded as the idol of his heart.

2. The fourteen worlds are divided into two groups: seven higher and seven lower regions. Bhu, Bhuvah, Svah, Mahah, Janah, Tapas, Satya, or Brahma are the upper regions rising from the earth, one above the other;

while Atala, Vitala, Satala, Rasatala, Talatala, Mahatala and Patala are the lower regions descending from the earth, one below the other.

73. The full incarnations of Vayu are three. Their creed is one and the same which is propounded in the Bhagavata.

74. The purpose of each and every incarnation is twofold: establishment of order and suppression of the wicked.

There is no other purpose for the lord to incarnate.

75-76. In the three incarnations of Vayu, viz. Vairocana etc., O lord of birds, there are no pangs of birth. In the four incarnations there is no fusion of semen and blood. Hence, in these four incarnations there is nothing inauspicious.

77. In the four incarnations, at the hour of birth, the lord, at first, dries up the embryo before he is born out of the womb.

78-80. Of the twenty-three forms of the Supreme lord Brahma, Vayu is one. In the enjoyment of eternal bliss, pleasure, etc., Vayu is at par with Brahma. This truth knows no variation; listening to this leads to release. O lord of birds, I shall now tell you about the descent of Vayu.

81. In the Krta age, there were born from Pradyumna twins Savitri and Sarasvati.

82. In between the two, was born Vani. Savitri was married to Virinca, Sarasvati to four-faced Brahma.

83. These are the three forms of Vani. I shall now tell you about the incarnations of Bharati. Please hear attentively.

84. Being the presiding deity of the Vedas she is the Veda itself. She is the mistress of Vayu, the great meditator.

85. She is also the mistress of Vayu — knowledge incarnate. Being of the nature of joy she is identical with joy.

86. She is the mistress of Vayu who is identical with joy.

Vayu is the preceptor of Bharati. Since she is devoted to Vayu, the preceptor, she is called Gurubhakti. She is the mistress of Vayu, the great preceptor.

87-88. She has devotion for Hari. hence, she is called Hari-Prili. She is the mistress of Vayu of the form of dhrti.

89. Since she is the presiding deity of all sacred texts, she is identical with them. She is the wife of lord Vayu.

90. She presents all objects of senses to lord Visnu for propitiating him or for his enjoyment. Hence, she is called Bhuji.

91. She became the mistress of Citra. In the name of Sraddha she became the mistress of lord Rocana.

92. O lord of birds, Hanuman, the son of Vayu, lived in the Treta age. Then, Bharati was born as the daughter of a Brahmin, Siva by name.

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