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SHORT ADJECTIVES (1 syllable). LONG ADJECTIVES (2 / + syllables) + adverbs ending in '-ly'.. ***! Clever and quiet only add '-er' and '-est'.. IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

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SHORT ADJECTIVES (1 syllable)

Adjective Comparative form Superlative form
general rule e. g. cold ***  old adj. + -er + than colder than older / elder (family) the adj. + -est + in / of     the coldest in / of  the oldest / the eldest (family)                             
adj. ending in –e e. g. nice adj. + -r + than nicer than the adj. + -st + in / of the nicest in / of
adj. ending in vowel + consonant e. g. fat ***! don’t double w e. g. low double consonant + -er + than fatter than   lower than double consonant + est + in / of the fattest in / of   the lowest in / of
adj. ending in a consonant plus -y or follow the general rule e. g. dry   shy  change the 'y' to 'i' and add –er + than drier / dryer than shier / shyer than change the 'y' to 'i' and add –est + in / of the driest / dryest in / of the shiest / shyest in / of

 

LONG ADJECTIVES (2 / + syllables) + adverbs ending in '-ly'.

Adjective Comparative form Superlative form
general rule e. g. beautiful more + adj. + than more beautiful than the most + adj. + in / of the most beautiful in / of
2-syllable adj. ending in consonant + -y e. g. easy ‘y’ changes to ‘i’ + -er than easier than ‘y’ changes to ‘i’ + -est in / of the easiest in / of
adverbs ending in '-ly' e. g. seriously ***! Note that e. g. early (adj. + adverb) more + adverb + (than) more seriously   earlier (than) most + adverb + (than) most seriously   earliest (than)

***! With some common two-syllable adjectives and adverbs you can either add '-er' and '-est', or use 'more' and 'most': e. g. common, cruel, gentle, handsome, likely, narrow, pleasant, polite, simple and stupid.

***! Clever and quiet only add '-er' and '-est'.

 

IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

Adjective / Adverb Comparative form Superlative form
good better than the best in / of
bad worse than the worst in / of
far farther than (to talk about physical distance) further than (other cases) the farthest in / of the furthest in / of
little less the least
some / much / many more the most

 


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