Answer Key

A) Read the text about Summerhill.

https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Summerhill_School http: //www. summerhillschool. co. uk/

Summerhill School is an independent British boarding school that was founded in 1921 by Alexander Sutherland Neil with the belief that the school should be made to fit the child, rather than the other way around. It is run as a democratic community; the running of the school is conducted in the school meetings, which anyone, staff or pupil, may attend, and at which everyone has an equal vote. These meetings serve as both a legislative and judicial body. Members of the community are free to do as they please, so long as their actions do not cause any harm to others, according to Neill's principle " Freedom, not Licence. " This extends to the freedom for pupils to choose which lessons, if any, they attend.

Summerhill is noted for its philosophy that children learn best with freedom from coercion. All lessons are optional, and pupils are free to choose what to do with their time. In addition to taking control of their own time, pupils can participate in the self-governing community of the school. School meetings are held three times a week, where pupils and staff alike have an equal voice in the decisions that affect their day-to-day lives, discussing issues and creating or changing school laws. Meetings are also an opportunity for the community to vote on a course of action for unresolved conflicts, such as a fine for a theft.

B) Match the words or phrases with their definitions.

In March 2000, after a damning report from an OfSTED (Office for Standards in Education) inspection in March 1999, which demanded changes to the Summerhill philosophy, the school won an historic legal battle against the DfEE (Department for Education and Employment) when it defended the rights and voices of its children at an Independent Schools Tribunal.

	Independent		Having the power to make laws
	Legislative		The action of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats
	Judicial		Exercising control over one’s own affairs
	Principle		A serious disagreement that has not been solved
	Coercion		Free from outside control; not subject to another’s authority
	Optional		Speak or write in favour of (an action or person); attempt to justify
	Self-governing		A fundamental truth that serves as the foundation for a system of belief
	Unresolved conflicts		Relating to the administration of justice
	Defend		A body established to settle certain types of dispute; a court of law
	Tribunal		Available to be chosen but not obligatory

C) Use a dictionary to look up the following words. D)

1. Adequate
2. Closure
3. Conform
4. Doubt
5. Embrace
6. Evolve
7. Fulfil
8. Futile
9. Hesitate
10. Indoctrinate
11. Instinct
12. Pioneer

D) Watch the video and try to complete the sentences with the words from exercises C. You may need to change the form of some words.

https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=GdwjvxcJHTA

1. It’s a child’s natural ………………. to learn. 2. Summerhill school warned to improve or face ……………….. 3. It’s not providing ………………. education. 4. Closure threat to ………………. school. 5. That would be a great benefit to society if they could ………………. how they think. 6. It does encourage, to very great extent, children to question and challenge rather that to …………….. 7. I began to question the whole thing; seeing these children learning equations and going out to plough the fields and I thought it seemed ……………….. 8. That school ………………. to Summerhill. 9. The teachers were more concerned with ………………. their jobs and getting their money, rather than trying to help. 10. I’ve never ……………….. 11. I’ve never ……………….. 12. …without being ………………. by discipline, religion or politics or by anything else.

Now, you can watch the film if you like! Have fun!!

https: //vimeo. com/channels/194093

Answer Key

	Independent		Having the power to make laws
	Legislative		The action of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats
	Judicial		Exercising control over one’s own affairs
	Principle		A serious disagreement that has not been solved
	Coercion		Free from outside control; not subject to another’s authority
	Optional		Speak or write in favour of (an action or person); attempt to justify
	Self-governing		A fundamental truth that serves as the foundation for a system of belief
	Unresolved conflicts		Relating to the administration of justice
	Defend		A body established to settle certain types of dispute; a court of law
	Tribunal		Available to be chosen but not obligatory

1. Adequate	Satisfactory or acceptable in quality or quantity
2. Closure	An act or process of closing something, especially an institution
3. Conform	Comply with rules, standards, or laws
4. Doubt	Feel uncertain about
5. Embrace	Accept (a belief, theory, or change) willingly and enthusiastically
6. Evolve	Develop gradually
7. Fulfil	Achieve or realize (something desired, promised, or predicted):
8. Futile	Incapable of producing any useful result; pointless
9. Hesitate	Be reluctant to do something
10. Indoctrinate	Teach (a person or group) to accept a set of beliefs uncritically
11. Instinct	An innate, typically fixed pattern of behaviour in animals in response to certain stimuli
12. Pioneer	A person who is among the first to research and develop a new area of knowledge or activity

1. It’s a child’s natural instinct to learn. 2. Summerhill School warned to improve or face closure. 3. It’s not providing adequate education. 4. Closure threat to pioneer school. 5. That would be a great benefit to society if they could embrace how they think. 6. It does encourage, to very great extent, children to question and challenge rather that to conform. 7. I began to question the whole thing; seeing these children learning equations and going out to plough the fields and I thought it seemed futile. 8. That school evolved to Summerhill. 9. The teachers were more concerned with fulfilling their jobs and getting their money, rather than trying to help. 10. I’ve never hesitated. 11. I’ve never doubted. 12. …without being indoctrinated by discipline, religion or politics or by anything else.

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