Existing regulations. Another document which we can consider is the International Convention for the Protection of Animals. It was published in 2000 in the United States. The need for this treaty was justified by the fact that animal welfare issues had to

Existing regulations

Since animal welfare is one of the most crucial issues in the developing world, there are several important documents concerning animal transportation. The first one is the European Convention for the Protection of Animals during International Transport. It was adopted on 13 December 1968 by the Council of Europe and came into force in 1971. The creation of this Convention was an important step towards ensuring the right of animals to humane treatment at the international level. The main incentive was that “humane treatment of animals is one of the hallmarks of Western civilization, but even in the member states of the Council of Europe the necessary standards are not always observed”^{^[5]}. That is why, the initial version of the Convention of 1968 raised such issues as the preparation of animals for loading and the loading itself, the design of the means of transport, the animals' fitness for transport, transport conditions^{^[6]} etc. Following this, there was also another version of Convention adopted in 2003. It included pretty much of all the previous rules but with some additional issues and details concerning minimum space and maximum time for travel, feeding rules and the period for rest^{^[7]}.

Another document which we can consider is the International Convention for the Protection of Animals. It was published in 2000 in the United States. The need for this treaty was justified by the fact that animal welfare issues had to gain international recognition and protection, so this document contributed to the establishment of general guidelines and rules for the treatment of animals in general. The content of the Convention covers not only animal transport but also wildlife management, caring for animals and protection from abuse. Most importantly, it includes the Protocol for the International Transportation of Animals. According to the Article 2, “the term " transportation" means the entire process of preparation, loading, shipping, holding, transferring, unloading and final delivery of animals to responsible individuals at the final destination”[8]. Also, for instance, Article 6 the rules for carriage of animals in containers and Article 3 concerns prohibited conditions for transportation.

In addition, there are several animal rights organizations which raise issues of transportation as well. One of them is the International Air Transport Association or IATA, nowadays it consists of 290 members from 120 countries all over the world. This international trade association for the world's airlines established in 1945 proposed IATA’s Live Animal Regulations (LAR). LAR are the worldwide standard for the transport of live animals on commercial airlines^{^[9]}. The main aim of these regulations is to ensure that all animals are transported safely and humanely by air. It refers to pets and all animals transported for zoological, agricultural purposes or other reasons. Regulations cover the transport of all types of animals and contain the requirements for transportation. For instance, it establishes the responsibilities of shipper and carrier, animal behavior, documentation and other issues that have to be taken into account.

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