I. Introduction

Paper Title (attracts readers and conveys main findings of research)

line 1: 1^st Given Name Surname (corresponding author)
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
ORCID: (if applicable)

line 1: 2^nd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
ORCID: (if applicable)

line 1: 3^rd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
ORCID: (if applicable)

Abstract. Describes the major points of the research, includes the purpose of research, methods used, finding or results of the full-length paper.

Keywords—keyword 1, keyword 2, keyword 3, keyword 4

I. Introduction

The introduction is a little different from the short and concise abstract. The reader needs to know the background to your research and, most importantly, why your research is important in this context. What critical question does your research address? Why should the reader be interested?

The purpose of the Introduction is to stimulate the reader’s interest and to provide pertinent background information necessary to understand the rest of the paper. You must summarize the problem to be addressed, and explain exactly what the paper will address, why, and how.

Keep your Introduction to be very concise, well structured, and inclusive of all the information needed to follow the development of your findings. Do not over-burden the reader by making the introduction too long. Get to the key parts of the paper sooner rather than later.

Best Practice:

1. Begin the introduction by providing a concise background account of the problem studied;

2. State the objective of the investigation. Your research objective is the most important part of the introduction;

3. Establish the significance of your work: why was there a need to conduct the study?

4. Clearly state your hypothesis (if available), the variables investigated, and concisely summarize the methods used;

5. Define any abbreviations or specialized/regional terms; Do not use abbreviations in the title or heads unless they are unavoidable.

Be concise and aware of who will be reading your manuscript and make sure the Introduction is directed to that audience. Move from general to specific: from the problem in the real world. Please avoid to make a sub section in Introduction.

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