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ACTIVE VOCABULARY

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Read and learn the following words and word combinations:

  1. require       требовать
  2. utilize          потреблять
  3. process       процесс
  4. enzyme       фермент
  5. protein       белок
  6. carbohydrate углевод
  1. fat               жир
  2. amino – acid аминокислота            
  3. repair      восстановление
  4. starchy       содержащий крахмал
  5. glucose       глюкоза
  6. perform     осуществлять
  7. diary        молочный
  8. layer       слой

15. beneath      под, ниже

16. source            источник

  1. i nsulation   изоляция
  2. juice       сок
  3. sweat       пот

20. daily       ежедневно

DIGESTION

For life to continue, the body requires fuel in the form of oxygen and food.

Respiration provides the oxygen. Our food, however, cannot be utilized by the body in the form in which it is eaten. It must be specially processed by the body before it can be of any use. This special processing is known as digestion. It is brought about by the action on the food of certain substances called enzymes which are made by the body and mixed with the food during its passage through the body.

The food we eat consists of protein, carbohydrate and fat. It also contains small quantities of vitamins and minerals.

Proteins are found in meat, fish, eggs, milk and cheese. They are broken down into amino – acids during digestion. Protein is necessary for cell growth and repair.

Carbohydrates are found in sweet and starchy foods such as sugar, flour and potatoes.

They are broken down into glucose during digestion. Carbohydrates provide body cells with the energy required to perform their functions.

Fats are found in meat, fish, dairy products and vegetable oils. The digestive process breaks them down to fatty  acids. Fats provide energy and body fat, which is stored in a layer beneath the skin. It acts as a reserve source of energy when needed, and also as insulation which helps maintain body temperature in cold weather.

 The body required water for the production of blood, digestive juices, urine and sweat. Many foods contain a large quantity of water but it is still necessary to drink more than a liter of fluid daily.

 


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