Country study United Kingdom. Political System (part 1)

lectures by Daniya Nureeva

Country study United Kingdom

29.03.2012

Lesson 6

Political System (part 1)

The constitution of the United Kingdom is the set of laws and principles under which the United Kingdom is governed.

The UK has no single core constitutional document.

Much of the British constitution is embodied in written documents, within statutes, court judgments, and treaties.

The constitution has other unwritten sources, including parliamentary constitutional conventions and royal prerogatives.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is а constitutional monarchy.

Queen Elizabeth II, is also the Queen and Head of State of 15 other Commonwealth realms, including Australia, Canada, Jamaica, New Zealand, etc. The power of Queen is not absolute. It is limited by Parliament.

The legislative government – Parliament – consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

The executive government consists of the central Government – that is the Prime Minister and the Cabinet of Ministers, who are responsible for initiating and directing the national policy.

The judicial government is independent of both the legislative and the executive.

The Government derives its authority from the elected House of Commons.

The Government is normally formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in thе House of Commons.

The leader of the party is appointed the Prime Minister by the Queen and chooses а team of ministers.

The second largest party becomes the Official Opposition with its own leader and Shadow Cabinet.

The House of Lords is а hereditary chamber. In Great Britain there is no written constitution, only customs and traditions.

The second largest party becomes the Official Opposition with its own leader and Shadow Cabinet.

The House of Lords is а hereditary chamber. In Great Britain there is no written constitution, only customs and traditions.

Five prime ministers

The most powerful person is the Prime Minister.

He is the leader of his party, he is the head of the government and has a seat in the House of Commons.

He chooses the Cabinet-Ministers. He recommends a number of appointments to the monarch.

The Cabinet takes decisions about new policies, the implementation of existing policies and the running of the various government departments.

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