Sensory systems (terms)

Sensory systems (terms)

1. Sensory system - a set of formations that provide perception and analysis of stimuli.

2. Information coding - the conversion of stimuli into electrical signals.

3. Decoding information - turning impulses into sensations.

4. Sensation is a subjective image of the objective world.

5. Perception - a holistic image of the object or phenomenon, recognition.

6. Representation - an abstract imag

7. Refraction - the refraction of light rays.

8. Emmetropia - the normal refraction of light rays.

9. Myopia - change in the refraction of the rays, the focus in front of the retina - myopia.

10. Hyperopropy - change the refraction of the rays, the focus behind the retina - farsightedness.

11. Accommodation - the adaptation of the eye to viewing objects at different distances from the eye.

12. Astigmatism - violation of refraction, in which there is no convergence of rays at one point (violation of the sphericity of the retina).

13. Color blindness - color blindness (protonopia, deuteronopia, tritanopia).

14. Blind spot - the place of exit from the retina of the optic nerve.

15. Yellow spot - the central part of the retina, the place of the best vision.

16. An adequate stimulus is one to which receptors are adapted.

17. Adaptation of receptors - adaptation, addiction of receptors to the stimulus.

18. Monochromatic vision - the perception of white, gray and black.

19. Polychromatic vision - the perception of the colors of the spectrum.

20. Binocular vision - with two eyes.

21. Binaural hearing - with two ears.

22. Ultraviolet rays - wavelength less than 400 nm.

23. Infrared rays - wavelengths greater than 760 nm.

24. Ultrasound - the frequency of the waves is more than 22000 Hz.

25. Infrasound - the frequency of the waves is less than 16 Hz.

26. Visual acuity - the ability to distinguish two points of space at an angle of 1 min.

27. The field of view is the space seen by the human eye when the gaze is fixed at one point.

28. Odorants - smells.

29. The primary sensory receptors are endings of dendrites of sensitive neurons.

30. Secondary sensory receptors are special cells that come into contact with the dendrite of the sensory neuron through the synapse.

31. RP - receptor potential (local response).

32. GP - generating potential (local response), occurs on the postsynaptic membrane.

33. The nociceptive system is a system of pain.

34. Anti-nociceptive system - pain control system

35. Endorphins and enkephalins - mediators of the pain system.

36. Anesthesia - anesthesia.

37. General anesthesia - anesthesia.

38. Pain is an unpleasant feeling arising from the action of super-strong irritants, damage to tissues and organs, or their oxygen starvation.

39. Rhodopsin - visual pigment of rods, iodopsin - visual pigment of cones.

40. Agevziya - loss of taste, hypergevziya - increased sensitivity, hypogeusia - decreased sensitivity, parageusia - distortion of sensitivity.

41. Anosmia - loss of perception of smells, hyperosmia, hyposmia - increase and decrease in sensitivity, parosmia - distortion of sensitivity.

42. Pain - a disease (migraine).

43. Vegetative portrait of pain - vegetative reactions to ensure the protection of the body.

44. Somatic pain - in the skin, muscles, joints.

45. Vegetative pain - in the internal organs.