ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗАНЯТИЕ

ТЕМА: Неопределённая форма глагола.

Задание 1. Запомните и сравните синтаксические функции формы инфинитива, способы их перевода на русский язык.

Функции инфинитива

1. Функция подлежащего:

To read is a great pleasure. Читать – большое удовольствие.

2. Именная часть сказуемого:

His aim was to deceive Mark. Его целью было обмануть Марка.

3. Часть составного глагольного сказуемого:

We intend to celebrate this occasion. Мы намереваемся отпраздновать это событие.

4. Функция дополнения:

Peter asked me to look after his son. Питер попросил меня присмотреть за его сыном.

5. Функция определения:

There is a lot of work to be done. Есть много работы, которую надо сделать.

6. Функция обстоятельства:

I swim everyday to be fit. Я плаваю каждый день, чтобы быть в форме.

Формы инфинитива: таблица

Переходные глаголы в английском языке имеют четыре формы инфинитива в действительном залоге и две – в страдательном, итого 6 форм:

	Active	Passive
Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous to acceptto be acceptingto have acceptedto have been accepting	to be accepted —to have been accepted —

На русский язык соответствующими формами переводятся только две формы инфинитива: Indefinite Infinitive Active и Indefinite Infinitive Passive. Для остальных форм в русском языке соответствующих форм нет, поэтому они не могут переводиться в отрыве от предложения.

Задание 2. Выберите инфинитив с частицей to или без нее.

We can … (speak/to speak) Spanish. 2. He often makes me … (feel/to feel) guilty. 3. You have … (be/to be) friendly and polite. 4. She must … (stay/to stay). 5. The lawyer will … (call/to call) you later. 6. I’d like … (send/to send) him a present. 7. You’d better … (move/to move) faster. 8. We heard somebody … (enter/to enter) the apartment. 9. Mother wants … (paint/to paint) the walls in the kitchen. 10. We decided … (sell/to sell) the car. 11. He always fails … (keep/to keep) his word. 12. I am trying … (lift/to lift) this heavy stone. 13. Let me … (give/to give) you some advice. 14. It may … (cost/to cost) too much. 15. She saw him … (cross/to cross) the street.

Задание 3. Выберите из скобок герундий или инфинитив

1. I am planning … (to visit/visiting) my granny next week. 2. When they finish … (to eat/eating) their lunch, they’ll go to the office. 3. He suggested … (to buy/buying) some food. 4. Does Sally enjoy … (to go/going) to the gym? 5. Don’t put off … (to write/writing) a report till the end of the month. 6. John refused … (to answer/answering) my question. 7. My brother intends … (to get/getting) married soon. 8. I think she didn’t mean … (to hurt/hurting) you. 9. Keep … (to beat/beating) the eggs. 10. Fred can’t afford … (to travel/travelling) this year. 11. We expect … (to leave/leaving) tomorrow. 12. Mary decided … (to fly/flying) to Venice. 13. The sportsmen hope … (to get/getting) the best results. 14. Are you going to give up … (to smoke/smoking)? 15. They don’t want … (to have/having) any more children. 16. I don’t mind … (to wash up/washing up). 17. Girls, stop … (to giggle/giggling). 18. Ben likes … (to play/playing) chess. 19. Lara goes … (to dance/dancing) every weekend. 20. Harry can’t stand … (to work/working) on Saturdays.

Задание 4. Переведите на английский язык предложения, содержащие инфинитив:

1. My desire is to go to the Crimea. 2. I asked him to read a letter. 3. It is an article to be typed at once. 4. Ann is studying now to be a teacher. 5. Who will be the first to start working here? 6. She was glad to have moved to another city. 7. To walk late at night was very dangerous. 8. He must be still reading this magazine.

Задание 5. Составьте предложения, выбрав начало из первого столбца и окончание – из второго:

She is interested a) drinking alcohol.
I would like b) to seeing my daughter.
You should give up c) being ill.
We really enjoy d) laughing at her.
I’m looking forward e) to living in a dirty house.
He is used f) talking to drunk people.
She pretended g) swimming in the sea.
Pamela is good h) to have a cup of coffee.
I couldn’t help i) in surfing the Internet.
She avoids j) at riding a horse.