Hydrogeology

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Hydrogeology

hydrogeology гидрогеология

to deal with иметь дело с кем-л., обсуждать что-л.

distribution распределение

groundwater подземные воды

soil грунт, земля, почва

rocks горная порода

aquifer водоносный горизонт; водоносный пласт

occurrence присутствие

porous media пористая среда

pertinent имеющий отношение

shallow мелкий, мелководный

flow поток

subsurface глубинный; подземный

soil science почвоведение

civil engineering гражданское строительство

viscous вязкий

Reynolds number число Рейнольда

unity единица

diffusion диффузия, рассеивание

Laplace equation уравнение Лапласа

diverse разнообразный, разный; разнотипный

steady flow равномерный поток

to stimulate моделировать

transient flow неустановившийся поток

uncoupled processes несвязанные процессы

to mature созревать; дозревать

interaction взаимодействие

surface water поверхностные воды

soil moisture влажность почвогрунта

24. Read the text and fulfill the exercises.

TEXT 4

HYDROGEOLOGY

Hydrogeology (hydro- meaning water, and -geology meaning the study of the Earth) is the area of geology that deals with the distribution and movement of groundwater in the soil and rocks of the Earth's crust, (commonly in aquifers). Hydrogeology is the part of hydrology that deals with the occurrence, movement and quality of water beneath the Earth's surface.

Hydrogeology is a branch of the earth sciences dealing with the flow of water through aquifers and other shallow porous media (typically less than 450 m or 1, 500 ft below the land surface. ) The very shallow flow of water in the subsurface (the upper 3 m or 10 ft) is pertinent to the fields of soil science, agriculture and civil engineering, as well as to hydrogeology. Groundwater is a

slow-moving, viscous fluid (with a Reynolds number less than unity). The mathematical relationships used to describe the flow of water through porous media are the diffusion and Laplace equations, which have applications in many diverse fields. Steady groundwater flow (Laplace equation) has been simulated using electrical, elastic and heat conduction analogies. Transient groundwater flow is analogous to the diffusion of heat in a solid. Traditionally, the movement of groundwater has been studied separately from surface water, climatology, and even the chemical and microbiological aspects of hydrogeology (the processes are uncoupled). As the field of hydrogeology matures, the strong interactions between groundwater, surface water, water chemistry, soil moisture and even climate are becoming more clear.

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