TELEVISION

1. Прочитать текст и составить план письменно.

TELEVISION

Television, also called TV, is one of the most important mass media. People with a television set can sit at home and can see and learn about people, animals, and things in faraway lands. Million of viewers around the world can watch sports events and other events of worldwide interest.

TV brings its viewers a steady stream of programmes that are designed to give information and to entertain. In fact, television provides more entertainment programmes than any other kind of mass media. The programmes include sports events, variety shows, quiz shows, feature films, cartoons, fictional serials called soap operas, etc.

There are two main kinds of television stations: public stations and commercial stations. Public television stations are supported by the government. They usually broadcast more educational programmes and programmes on cultural subjects. News and current affairs programmes make up an important section of programmes for most public television stations. Commercial television stations are run by private companies. They sell advertising time to pay for their operating costs and to make a profit for the companies that run the stations.

People can also subscribe to cable television system. Viewers pay a fee for this service. Cable television signals are delivered to home TVsets of their customers by cables. Some cable systems carry more than one hundred channels — far more than can broadcast even in the largest urban areas.

Satellite broadcasting is another form of subscription television. The signals are transmitted to home TVsets from a di rect broadcasting sattelite in space. The viewer must have a dish-receiver aerial to receive the programmes.

We may speak about different advantages and drawbacks of television but almost every home has at least one TVset. On average, a TVset is in use for about 7 hours each day. Thus, television is the most effective means of mass communication known to mankind. It has become the people's eyes and ears on the world.

RADIO

Radio is also one of the most important mass media. Radio broadcasts news, discussions, interviews, description of sport events, drama, religious programmes, music, and advertising. There is at least one radio station in every country in the world, and altogether there are more than 25, 000 stations all over the world. Radio stations compete with one another.

Radio programmes vary from country to country. But in all countries, programmes primarily provide information and entertainment. Programmes that provide information include news and current affairs, live broadcasts of sports events, weather forecasts, talk shows. Many talk shows allow listeners to take part in the programme by telephoning the radio station to ask questions or give their opinions about the topic. Such programmes are sometimes called phone-ins.

In most countries up to 90 per cent of all programmes are designed for entertainment. Music is a popular kind of radio entertainment. Most music stations specialize in one kind of music, such as pop, classical, jazz or folk music. Some stations broadcast several kinds of music. There are also comedy shows and plays performed «live» or recorded in the studio by actors. A major reason for the widespread use of radios is their portability, which means the ability to be carried around easily. People listen to the radios almost everywhere - at home, in parks, at beaches and picnics, while driving a car, and even while walking along the street.

2. Дать эквиваленты из текста.

средства массовой информации, телевидение, телевизор, дома, в далеких странах, по всему миру, спортивные новости, зрители, постоянный поток, фактически, развлекательные программы, чем какой-либо другой, развлекательные представления, шоу-викторина, художественные фильмы, мультфильмы, художественные сериалы, мыльные оперы, общественные телевизионные станции, транслировать, текущие события, составляют важную часть, продавать рекламное время, затраты, приносить прибыль, управлять станцией, кабельное телевидение, вносить плату, намного больше, спутниковое вещание, преимущества и недостатки, по крайней мере, в среднем, соревноваться друг с другом, трансляция в прямом эфире, прогнозы погоды, принимать участие, задать вопросы, выразить мнение, по теме, фольклорная музыка, главная причина, везде, на пляжах.

На 5

Дайте синонимы:

to watch, type, to comprise, major, to control, to transmit, various, disadvantage, to differ, mainly, to let, to call, the theme

Дайте антонимы:

the least, without, to stand, less, to buy, near, the smallest, disadvantage, drawback, to answer

Домашнее задание

Дополнить по тексту и выучить предложения!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

1) One of the most important m... is TV. 2) There are a lot of e... programmes on TV. 3) I want to watch this new f... film. 4) The most important part of programming is news and c... affairs programmes. 5) Some private companies r... commercial TV stations. 6) You may s... to this newspaper. 7) C... deliver cable TV signals to home TVsets. 8) Radio b... different kinds of programmes. 9) Commercial TV stations sell the a... time. 10) V.. are brought a steady stream of programmes on TV.

На5

1. Put in the verbs be, have.

I.. 1.. heard from my parents that not long ago people preferred cinema to TV. But at present, I think, the situation …2…changed. People …3… sitting at home before TV or video. Why is it so? Because the television …4… many advantages. First of all, people …5… rather tired after their working day, they prefer to stay at home before the TV screen. Besides, in our unsteady and complex time, it …6… rather dangerous to walk in the streets in the evening. Moreover, it …7… more comfortable to sit in the cozy armchair in front of the TVset at home.