COGNITIVE MOVEMENT IN PSYCHOLOGICAL THOUGHT OF THE 20TH CENTURY

COGNITIVE MOVEMENT IN PSYCHOLOGICAL THOUGHT OF THE 20TH CENTURY

In the second half of the twentieth century, the invention of the computer and the way of thinking led to a new approach to psychology called the cognitive movement. It includes behaviorism, humanism and others. Cognitive movement is interesting for the engineers from artificial intelligence.

Cognitivists believe that the study of internal processes is important in understanding. Cognitive processes actively organize and manipulate the information we receive. Cognitive psychologists study perception, attention, memory, thinking, language and problem solving. They also attempted to explain artificial intelligence and abnormality.

Cognitive psychology developed as a separate area within the discipline since the late 1950s and early 1960s. The term came into use with the publication of the book " Cognitive psychology" by Ulrich Neisser in 1967. This is a way of thinking and reasoning about mental processes, imagining them like software running on the computer that is the brain. Interest in mental processes appeared in the works of Tolman and Piaget. Cognitive psychology compares the human mind to a computer and suggests that we are information processors. Cognitive psychologists use a number of experimental techniques. Many are hoping that cognitive psychology will prove to be the paradigm we have been waiting for. But it is still early to tell.

There is an very interesting phenomenon in cognitivism which called Dé jà vu. The term deja vu is French and means " already seen. " The term was introduced be Emile Boirac. We feel it for example when you are traveling to London for the first time. You are in the cathedral, and suddenly it seems as if you have been in that place before. You say “This place looks familiar, have I been here before? ” As much as 70 percent of the population reports having experienced some form of dé jà vu. Several psychoanalysts attribute deja vu to simple fantasy or wish fulfillment, while some psychiatrists think it is a mismatching in the brain that causes the brain to mistake the present for the past. Many parapsychologists believe it is related to a past-life experience. Obviously, there is more investigation to be done.