Present perfect – form have/has+V3

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Present perfect – form have/has+V3

Present perfect – use

Summary chart

1. Past events when time is not mentioned

Ø We use the present perfect to talk about past actions or events when time is not mentioned, i. e. we don’t say when these events happened.

· I ‘ve broken my arm.

· I ’ve passed the exam.

· She ’s found a job.

“markers”

Ø We often the present perfect with just, already, yet/ already; recently; today/this week/this month. .

· Tony has just called.

· I ‘ve already finished my homework.

· Have you finished your homework yet?

· I haven’t finished my homework yet.

· They ‘ve recently bought a new car.

· I ‘ve seen John today. (=Today has not finished. )

· Has she called you this week?

2. Past experiences – never, ever, before

Ø We use the present perfect to talk about past experiences when we don’t say or we don’t know when something happened.

· He has been to the moon. He’s an astronaut.

· I haven’t been to India.

Ø We often use the words never, ever, or before to talk about experiences.

· I ‘ve never read this book.

· Have you ever seen a John Wayne film.

· I haven’t experienced anything like this before.

Ø We can also use the present perfect to say how many times something has happened until now.

· I’ve watched this film three times.

· We’ve been to Paris twice.

Duration from the past until now – for, since

Ø We can use the present perfect with for, since and how long to ask or talk about situations that started in the past and have not finished.

· We ‘ve been married for 25 years.

· I ‘ve had this watch since I was a kid.

· How long have you been friends?

Compare:

· We ‘ve been married for 20 years. (=We are married now)

· We were married for 20 years. Then we divorced. (We are not married now)