Liver. Gallbladder. Colon (large intestine). Rectum

Liver

The liver has many functions, but its main job within the digestive system is to process the nutrients absorbed from the small intestine. Bile from the liver secreted into the small intestine also plays an important role in digesting fat and some vitamins.

The liver is the body's chemical " factory. " It takes the raw materials absorbed by the intestine and makes all the various chemicals the body needs to function.

The liver also detoxifies potentially harmful chemicals. It breaks down and secretes many drugs that can be toxic to the body.

Gallbladder

The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile from the liver, and then releases it into the duodenum in the small intestine to help absorb and digest fats.

Colon (large intestine)

The large intestine, or colon, is responsible for processing waste so that emptying the bowels is easy and convenient. It’s a 6-foot long muscular tube that connects the small intestine to the rectum.

It normally takes about 36 hours for stool to get through the colon. The stool itself is mostly food debris and bacteria. These “good” bacteria perform several useful functions, such as synthesizing various vitamins, processing waste products and food particles and protecting against harmful bacteria. When the descending colon becomes full of stool, or feces, it empties its contents into the rectum to begin the process of elimination (a bowel movement).

Rectum

The rectum is a straight, 8-inch chamber that connects the colon to the anus. The rectum's job is to receive stool from the colon, let you know that there is stool to be evacuated (pooped out) and to hold the stool until evacuation happens. When anything (gas or stool) comes into the rectum, sensors send a message to the brain. The brain then decides if the rectal contents can be released or not.

Anus

The anus is the last part of the digestive tract. It is a 2-inch long canal consisting of the pelvic floor muscles and the two anal sphincters (internal and external). The lining of the upper anus is able to detect rectal contents. It lets you know whether the contents are liquid, gas or solid.

Задание:

1. Прочитайте текст и переведите (устно)

2. Запишите в тетрадь название органов пищеварительной системы и их перевод.

3. Посмотрите видео о процессе пищеварения. Внимательно слушайте, как правильно звучат названия органов и процессов на английском языке. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Og5xAdC8EUI& t=76s

Домашнее задание: Ответьте на вопросы по тексту (письменно):

a. What are the main organs of the digestive system

b. How does food get into the stomach?

c. What happens with food in the stomach?

d. What are the functions of the pancreas?

e. What is the function of the liver?

f. What is large intestine responsible for?

Задание для самостоятельной работы: выучить новые слова.

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