Stage 1: Mild GERD-Patients experience mild symptoms once or twice a month.

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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education

«V. I. VERNADSKY CRIMEAN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY»

Medical Academy named after S. I. Georgievsky(structural subdivision).

ABSTRACT

SUBJECT: ________Internal medicine 2_______

_________________________________________________________________________

STUDENT___________Muskan Gahoi________________________________________________

(full name. )

faculty ______________INTERNATIONAL__________________ course____4______ group ______171(2)

____

NAME OF PRACTICE: __________inpatient doctor’s accidents__________________

_________________________________________________________________________

SPECIALIZED ORGANIZATION________________________Republican Clinical Hospital named after N. A.

Semashko __

_________________________________________________________________________

CITY (urban village): _______________________simferopol________________________________

DURATION OF PRACTICE: from________05/07__________till _______17/07____________2021_

GERD[ GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISORDER]

Definition- Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a digestive disorder that affects the ring of muscle between your esophagus and your stomach.

GERD Causes- The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is a circular band of muscle at the end of the esophagus. When it’s working properly, it relaxes and opens when one swallow. Then it tightens and closes again afterwards.

Acid reflux happens when LES doesn’t tighten or close properly. This allows digestive juices and other contents from stomach to rise up into esophagus.

Stages of GERD-

Stage 1: Mild GERD-Patients experience mild symptoms once or twice a month.

Stage 2: Moderate GERD-Untreated GERD symptoms affect patient daily activities and are associated with esophageal inflammation.

Stage 3: Severe GERD-Patients with severe GERD have poorly controlled symptoms on prescription medications. Patients are more likely to have erosive esophageal inflammation.

Stage 4: Reflux induced precancerous lesions or esophageal cancer-If not treated, patients develop a pre-cancerous condition called Barrett’s esophagus. Barrett’s esophagus may progress to cancer if untreated

PATHOGENESIS-

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) includes all consequences of reflux of acid or other irritants from the stomach into the esophagus. The main cause of gastroesophageal reflux is incompetence of the antireflux barriers at the esophagogastric junction.

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