My Hobby. Moscow (2)

My Hobby

Tastes differ. Different people like different things, different people have different hobbies.

I go in for sports, I like to play tennis. I go to play tennis every day. Sport is very important part of our life. Many people go in for sports, they jogging, walking, swimming, skating, skiing, train themselves in clubs and different sections.

Physical training is an important subject at school. Pupils play volleyball, football, basketball. I have been playing tennis for 5 years. Tennis became very popular now. I take part in different competitions.

To be in a good shape I'm jogging every morning and do my morning exercises. Everyone should do all he can to stay healthy and choose the sport he is interested in. I do not understand people who say that they like sport, but they only watch sport on TV.

If one goes in for sports he feels much better, looks much better, sleeps much better. Your physical appearance will change too. You will be slimmer and trimmer. And what is even more important you will not get sick often.

Why do I go in for sports? Because I think that it is very important for a man to be strong and well-built. Sport is not for weak, because, you have to learn how to lose, and it's not easy. My favourite proverb says: " A sound mind in sound body".
Мое хобби

О вкусах не спорят. Разным людям нравятся разные вещи, поэтому у разных людей различные хобби.

Я занимаюсь спортом, Мне нравится играть в теннис. Я играю в теннис каждый день. Спорт является важной частью нашей жизни. Много людей увлекаются спортом, они бегают, занимаются ходьбой, плавают, катаются на коньках и лыжах, тренируются в клубах и различных спортивных секциях.

Физическая культура — важный предмет в школе. Ученики играют в волейбол, футбол, баскетбол. Я играю в теннис уже 5 лет. Теннис стал очень популярен сейчас. Я принимаю участие во многих соревнованиях.

Чтобы поддерживать хорошую форму, я бегаю каждое утро и делаю утреннюю зарядку. Каждый человек должен делать все возможное, чтобы оставаться здоровым, и должен выбрать спорт, который его интересует. Я не понимаю людей, которые говорят, что им нравится спорт, а между тем они смотрят его только по телевизору.

Если заниматься спортом, то чувствуешь себя намного лучше, выглядишь намного лучше, спишь намного лучше. Твое тело тоже изменится. Ты станешь стройнее и изящнее. Но еще более важно — ты не будешь часто болеть.

Почему я занимаюсь спортом? Потому что я считаю, что для мужчины очень важно быть сильным и хорошо сложенным. Спорт не для слабых, потому что там нужно научиться проигрывать, а это не всегда легко. В моей любимой поговорке говорится: " В здоровом теле — здоровый дух".
Questions:

1. What is your hobby?
2. What sports do you go in for?
3. Do you like summer (winter) sports?
4. What does it mean to be healthy?
5. Why did you chose tennis?
6. Who is your favourite tennis-player?

Vocabulary:

to jog — бегать
to skating — кататься на коньках
to skiing — кататься на лыжах
competition — соревнование
shape — форма
health — здоровье
slim — стройный
trim — в хорошей форме
weak — слабый
to lose — проигрывать

Russia (1)

The Russian Federation, or Russia is the largest country in the world. Its vast territory lies in the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. The country is washed by three oceans (the Arctic, the Atlantic, the Pacific) and twelve seas (the White Sea, the Barents Sea, the Okhotsk Sea, the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea, the Azov Sea and others). Russia borders on many countries: Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania in the north, China, Mongolia, North Korea and others in the south-east, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine in the west, and others. The land of Russia varies very much from forests to deserts, from high mountains to deep valleys. Mountain ranges are found along the southern borders, such as the Caucasus and the Altai, and in the eastern parts, such as the Verkhoyansk Range. There are a lot of great rivers and deep lakes in the country. Notable rivers of Russia in Europe are the Volga, Don, Kama, Oka and the Northern Dvina, while several other rivers originate in Russia but flow into other countries, such as the Dnieper and the Western Dvina. In Asia, important rivers are the Ob, Yrtysh, Yenisei, Angara, Lena, Amur and Kolyma. The largest lakes are Baikal, Ladoga and Onega. Baikal is the deepest fresh-water lake in the world and its water is the purest on Earth. The climate of Russia is varied, from arctic and subarctic in the north, continental in the centre, to subtropical in the south.

The Russian Federation is extremely rich in natural and mineral resources. It has deposits of oil, gas, iron, gold, non-ferrous metals and many other minerals.

The second thing I am going to speak about is Russia's economy as I believe economy is a foundation of any country's life.

The economy of Russia is going through a transitional period from the centrally planned socialist economy to a market economy. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 the greater part of industries were privatized, agriculture and land underwent partial privatization later and are still undergoing it. The current population of Russia is about 143 million people. The capital of the Russian Federation is Moscow, with a population of about 11 million people.

Russia is a parliamentary republic. Head of State in the country is President, directly elected for a four-year term, who has considerable executive power and is head of the executive branch of the government. Translate the following sentences into English.

Считается, что географическое положение и климат оказывают влияние на экономику, стиль жизни страны и национальный характер.
Обширная территория России омывается тремя океанами и двенадцатью морями и граничит со многими странами.
Ландшафты (land) разнообразны, от лесов до пустынь, от высоких гор до глубоких долин и включают большое количество горных цепей, в том числе Кавказ с самой высокой точкой Европы — горой Эльбрус, Уральские горы, Алтай и т. д.
В России много больших рек и озер, в том числе Байкал, самое глубокое и чистое пресноводное озеро в Европе.
После распада Советского Союза Россия проходит через переходный период — от социалистической экономики, основанной на централизованном планировании, к рыночной экономике.
Большая часть отраслей промышленности России уже приватизирована, а сельское хозяйство все еще проходит приватизацию.
Кризис и обесценивание рубля привели к резкому падению уровня жизни большей части населения, Россия переживала экономический спад.
Россия — парламентская республика, в которой главой государства и исполнительной власти является президент, избираемый прямым голосованием на четырехлетний срок.

Moscow (2)

Moscow is the capital of Russian Federation, the biggest state in the World, It is a political, economic, commercial and cultural centre of the country.

It is one of the youngest capitals of Europe. It is believed that Yuriy Dolgoruky founded Moscow in 1147.

In the 15th century, after almost 250 years of Mongol domination Moscow became the most powerful of the Russian city-states. In 1453, after Constantinople, the centre of the Orthodox Church, was taken by the Turks, Moscow was declared the Third Rome and true heir of Christianity.

In 1546, Ivan the Terrible was crowned in Moscow as the first Tsar of All Russia and Moscow became the capital of the new state.

In 1712, Peter the Great moved the capital to St Petersburg, but Moscow remained for some time the heart of Russia. That is why it became the main target of Napoleon's attack. The great fire destroyed the most territory of the city, but by the mid-19th century, Moscow had been completely restored.

After the Socialist Revolution of 1917, Moscow became the capital of the USSR.

Now, Moscow is one of the largest cities in Europe. Its total area is more than 9 hundred square kilometres and still is growing up. The population of the city is about 9 million people.

Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. The heart of Moscow is the Kremlin and Red Square. They have more historical association than any other place in Moscow.

There are a lot of beautiful places, old cathedrals, churches and monuments in Moscow. Now Moscow is being reconstructed, becoming more and more beautiful.

There are more than 80 museums in Moscow. The largest museums are the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and the State Tretyakov Gallery. Other unique museums are the Andrey Rublev Museum of early Russian Art and many others.

Moscow is famous for its theatres. The best known of them is the Great Opera Theatre. Drama theatres are very popular too.

Moscow is a city of students. There are over 80 higher educational institutions, including several universities; the most famous of them is MGU, Moscow State University.

Moscow is the seat of the Russian Parliament and the President of the country.

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