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Introduction To Vedanta - P. Nagaraja Rao 14 страница



of Vedic passages.

Acara

Practice of religion.

Acarya

One *who instructs, acts, and shows the

way.

Acintya-bhedabheda

Incomprehensible, difference and non-

difference.

Adhibhautika

Misery due to external influences such as

other men, beasts etc.

Adhikarana

Ii is a topic in Vedanta sutras comprising

one or a number of sutras.

Adhidaivika

Misery due to supernatural influences.

Adhydsa bhdsya

The introduction to Sankara’s commen-

tary on Brahma Sutras.

Adhyatma-V idya

The science of the Self i. e. Vedanta.

Adhydtmika;

: Misery due to intrinsic influences bodily

or mental.

Adiyar

Devotees (a Tamil word).

Advaita

Non-dual.

Advaya-bhdva

Non-dual consciousness.

Agamas

Theological treatises and manuals of

worship.

Aisvarya

Lordship.

Ajnana

Ignorance.

Akhanda

Non-relational cognition.

Aksara

Immutable.

Alaukika

Extraordinary.

Alvars

Mystics of South India that inspired

Ramanuja.

Amsa;

r Part.

Anrtam

; False.

Anandam

; Bliss in Mok$a.

INTRODUCTION TO VEDANTA

Anirvacanlya

Antahkarana

Antarydmi Brdhmana:

Anvllcsikl

Apariruami

Aprakrta

Aprthali-Siddhi

Apurvata

Arambha-Vada

Aranyaka

Arthavada

Asat-Vada,

Asrama

Astika

Atharva-Veda

Avaccheda-Vada

Avarana

Avatars

Avidya

The doctrine that ‘world* is indeter-

minable either as ‘real* or ‘unreal’ or

a combination of them.

Internal organ.

The 7th Section of the 3rd Chapter of

Brhadaranyaka which describes the

Lord as the inneif controller of all.

Science of Logic, Nyaya.

Immutable.

Not of the nature of Prakrti.

The inseparable relation between God,

souls and the universe according to

Ramanuja.

Novelty, one of the six determinative

marks of purport.

The theory that the effect is a new creation

held by the Nyaya School.

They deal about the meaning of the

mystic teaching of the sacrificial reli-

gion in the Vedas.

One of the marks of interpretation for the

Vedic passages. It is of two types (1)

glorification of the topic by eulogistic

praise and (2) condemnation of the

opposite by deprecatory words.

The doctrine that all things have Non-

existence for their origin.

Stages in the life of a Hindu e. g. Brama-

carya, . Garhastya, Vanaprastha and

Sanyasa.

Orthodox systems which believe in the

authority of the Vedas.

The fourth Veda.

The view that the soul is delimited

Brahman.

Power of veiling.

Incarnations of the Lord. Ten of them

are very important e. g. Rama, Krshna,

etc.

Nescience, which veils the Real and pro-

jects some other thing in its place.

Avyakta

Bhava rupa

Bhoktd

Brdhmanas

Cdrvdka

Dama

Darsana

Dharmabhutajnana

Guna

Jignasa

Jivan mukti

Kalydna

Kartd

Khandana

Kinkara

Kutastha

Ksara

Lila Vada

Manana

Mantra

Maya

Mithyd

Mrtyunjaya

GLOSSARY

; Unmanifest stage.

: Positive nature.

; Enjoyer.

; Parts of the Veda that give us the rules

for the performance of Sacrifices.

The Indiaii/Materialist.

aint/^

Restraint

A system of Philosophy bom ^ out of

spiritual experience.

Knowledge regarded as an attribute of the

soul and of God in Ramanuja’s

system.

; Quality, the Sankhyan system describes

that all things are a complex of three

Gunas i. e. Sattva, Rajas and Tamas.

: Inquiry.

: Liberation in an embodied state while

one is alive.

: Welfare.

: Agent, one who acts.

; Refutation.

: Servant of God.

: Immutable.

: That which perishes.

; The theory that the Universe is Lord’s

play.

: Reflection.

: Hymns of the Vedas.

: The principle which produces illusion.

: Illusory.

: Immortal.

Systems that do not believe in the

authority of the Vedas.

Ndstika

INTRODUCTION TO VEDANTA

Nididhydsanam

Nihsreyas

Nirhetuka Kataksa

Nirvana

Nitya

Nitya-Karmas

Nitya-Vibhuti

Niydmyd

Niyantd

The operation by which we fix our mind

on the Self drawing it away from all

worldly concerns.

Moksha i. e. final liberation.

The unconditional grace.

The, Buddhist concept of liberation.

Eternal.

Compulsory duties f prescribed by the

Vedi^s.

The eteri-al glory of Narayana.

The controlled.

The Lord who commands.

Paramdnus

Parvrmma-Vdda

Pasu

Pati

Phala

Prakara

Prakrti

Pramanas

Prapatti

Prasada

Prasthana-traya

Pratibhasika

Prati-bimba-Vada

Purusdrthas

Pusti-Marga

: atoms.

: The theory of transformation.

: The soul in bondage is regarded in Saiva-

Siddhanta as Pasu.

; Lord 6iva.

; The fruit of an action, one of the deter-

minative marks of purport.

: The outer part, mode.

; The Unmanifest universe.

; Instruments of knowledge; Six are re-

cognised by Vedanta.

: Self-surrender to the Lord that does not

ask for the regulations which Bhakti

imposes.

: Grace of the Lord.

: The triple texts of Vedanta i. e. Upanisads,

Gita and Vedanta Sutras.

: Illusory or of the nature of dreams.

: Reflection theory.

: The four ends desired by men — artha,

dharma, kama and moksa.

: Way of grace.

Sddhana

Sdksdtkara

Saksin

Sama

Samddhdna

Spiritual discipline.

Immediate spiritual experience.

Witness consciousness.

Calmness.

Concentration.

GLOSSARY

Samskdrya

Samavaya

Sdmipya

Samvit

& aranagati

Sdrupya

Sarva-mukti

Saulabhya

Sausilya

Sdyujya

$esa-Sesi

Siddhdnta

Smrti

Sraddhd

Sravana

Sruti

Suddha Caitanya

shuddha-sattva

Susupti

Svadharma

Svarupa Laksana

Achieved throifeh effort.

Intimate relation.

Vicinity of God.

Knowledge.

To take refuge in the Lord.

Realising the Jbrm of God.

Liberation fo/ all.

Lord’s qualify, accessible to all.

His goodness.

Absorpticm in God. _

The relation of the whole and the part.

Established conclusion; Every system

refers to itself as Siddhanta.

Secondary scriptures based on 6ruti.

Faith.

Hearing a Vedantic text from a Guru (not

independent self-study).

Vedas.

Pure Consciousness.

The material of which Narayana’s abode

is made according to Ramanuja.

Sleep.

The duty of one’s station in life.

The definition of Brahman as Existence,

Consciousness and Bliss.

Tatastha Laksana

Tdtparya lingas

Tatt. vas

Titiksa

Qualification per accidence. ‘The attribute

of a thing which remains only for

some time in it and distinguishes it

from the rest.

The six determinative marks of purport.

Categories.

Forbearance.

Ubhaya-V pddnta

Upakrama

Upapatti

U parati

Upasarhhara

: The system of Ramanuja is called so

because it uses both Tamil and

Sanskrt texts for its authority.

: The initial passage.

; Intelligibility.

: Renunciation.

; The concluding passage.

200, INTRODUCTION TO VEDANTA

ZJtpadya

: That which arises.

Vairdgya

: Renunciation.

Vibhava

; Glory.

Vicdra

: Inquiry.

Vijnana

: Knc pledge.

Vikdrya

: The transformed. f

Viksepa

: Power^ of Projecting.

Vise sana

: Attribuh.

Vivarta-Vdda

: The docfemc of Sankara i. e. The Theory

of Phenomenal appearance.

Viveka

: Discernment.

Vyatireka-Vydpti

: Negative pervasion.

Vydvaharika

; The relative standpoint.

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

CHAPTER I

Bertrand Russell

: Scientific Outlook

Bertrand Russell

: Science land Religion

Aldous Huxley

: Ends vnd Means

Aldous Huxley

: Scien/e, Liberty and Peace

A. N. Whitehead

: Science and the Modern World

C. E. M. Joad

: Gv/de to Modern Thought

S. Radhakrishnan

: Eastern Religions, and % Western

' Thought

A Symposium of

12 Scholars:

Julian Huxley

J. A. Thomson

J. B. S. Haldane

Rev. E. W. Barnes

B. Milinowski

Rev. H. R. L. Sheppard

Rev. B. H. Streeter

Rev. C. W. O’Hara

A. S. Eddington

S. Alexander

Rev. W. R. Inge

h Science and Religion

Dr. L. R. Jacks

CHAPTER II

Bradley

: Appearance and Reality

C. E. M. Joad

: Guide to Philosophy

Patrick

: Introduction to Philosophy

C. E. M. Joad

: Return to Philosophy

Bertrand Russel

: Outlines of Philosophy

Bertrand Russel

: Problems of Philosophy

S. C. Chatterjee

: The Problems of Philosophy

W. P. Montagu

: The Ways of Knowing or The

Methods of Philosophy

CHAPTER III

D. M. Datta

: Modern Indian Philosophy, its needs

and its social role

(Visvabharati Quarterly 1954)

INTRODUCTION TO VEDANTA

D. M. Datta

V, Raghavan

P. T. Raju

Rashvihar Das

T. M. P-. Mahadevan

S. Radhakrishnan

H. H. Price

S. Radhakrishnan

S. Radhakrishnan and

Charles A. Moore

; Eastern and Western Philosophy

(Visvabharati Quarterly 1951)

: Some leading ideas of Hindu

thought (Vedanta K e s a r i,

Feb. 1955)

: A The Western and the Indian Philo -

* sophical Traditions (The Philoso -

x phical Revieuf, America, Vol. LVI

‘Vo. 2, 1947)

: Inaan Philosophy (March of India)

: Philosophy and Philosophers

(The Aryan Path, Sept &

Oct. 1949)

: Indian Culture (lecture delivered at

the opening sessions of the

U. N. E. S. C. O. , Sorbonne) published

in the book “Reflections on Our

Age” Pages 115-133

: ({ The present relation between

Eastern and Western Philosophy*

(Hibbert Journal, Vol. LIII,

April 1955)

: “History of Philosophy, Eastern and

Western [See the concluding

chapter ]

: A source book in Indian Philosophy

CHAPTERS iy and V

Louis Renou

S. Radhakrishnan

S. Radhakrishnan

Saroj Kumar Das

Deussen

Deussen

Rabindranath Tagore

: Religions of Ancient India

: Indian Philosophy (Volume II)

: History of Philosophy, Eastern and

Western, Vol. I.

: A study of the Vedanta

: System of Vedanta

: Philosophy of the TJpanisads (trans-

lated into English by A. S.

Gordan)

: Preface to Hindu Scriptures, Edited

by Nicol Macnicol

SELECT BffiLIOGRAPira

Ranade R. D.

Ranade

G. Thibaut

M. Hiriyanna

M. N. Sircar

R. Das

V. S. Ghate

Kokilesvar Sastri:

Max Muller:

T. M. P. Mahadevan:

T. M. P. Mahadevan

T. M. P. Mahadevan

S. S. Suryanarayana Sastri:

S. S. Suryanarayana Sastri:

T. R. V. Murti:

S. C. Chatterjec and:

D. M. Datta

D. M. Datta:

Malkani:

Hiriyanna

T. M. P. Mahadevan:

Malkani, T. R. V. Murli:

and Das

History ' of Indian Philosophy,

Vol. 11, The Creative Period

A Constructive Survey of TJpani -

sadic Philosophy

Introduction to The Vedanta Sutras

with tht commentaries of Sankara

and Fjamanuja (Sacred Books of

East ^Series)

Outliyes of Indian Philosophy,

Chapter XIII

ryZ System of VeddnUe Thought

and Culture

The Essentials of Advaitism

The Vedanta (a comparative ac-

count of Sankara, Ramanuja,

Nimbdrka, Madhva and Vallabha)

( Bhandarkar Oriental Institute,

Poona)

Introduction to Advaita Philosophy

The Vedanta Philosophy

Gaudapada: A Study in early Ad-

vaita

The Philosophy of Advaita

The Upanisads (an anthology with

English translation)

Introduction to his Translation of

Siddhanta lesa Sangraha

Introduction to his Translation of

Bhdmati, Catusutri

The Central Philosophy of Buddhism

An Introduction to Indian Philo-

sophy, Chapter X

Six Ways of Knowing

Vedantic Epistemology

The Essentials of Indian Philosophy,

Chap. VII.

Editor, The Great Scriptures

(U. S. G. R. )

Ajnana (a Symposium)

INTRODUCTION TO VEDA^NTA

Swami Nikhilananda

S. Radhakrishnan

S. Radhakrishnan

R. Krishnaswami Iyer

Ganganath Jha

P. T. Raju

P. T. Raju

D. S. Sarma

D. S. Saima

Sri Aurobindo

Anil Baran Roy

Annie Beasant and

Bhagavan Das

Mahadev Desai

Franklin Edgerton

H. V. Divatia

: The Upanishads (English transla-

tion based on Sankara's commen-

tary) Till now 3 Volumes are

published

\: The Upanishads (Text, introduc-

\ lion, notes and English transla -

\ tion ) r

: VThe Bhagavad Gita (Text, introduc-

tion, translation and notes)

: TfcY Science of Reality

: Shankar a Vedanta

; Thought and Reality

: Idealistic Thought of India

: The Bhagavad Gita (Translation

and introduction)

: Lectures and Essays on the Gita

: Essays on the Gita

: The Gita with text, translation and

notes compiled under each verse

from Sri Aurobindo’s Essays on

the Gita

: The Bhagavad Gita (Text and

translation)

: The Gita according to Gandhi

: The Bhagavad Gita ( in two

Volumes, Harvard Oriental

Series )

: The Art of Life in the Bhagavad

Gita

CHAPTER VI

P. N. Srinivasachariar

P. N. Srinivasachariar

Thibaut

K. C. Varadachariar

The Philosophy of Visistddvaita

Ramanuja's idea of the Finite Self

Introduction to the translation of

Ramanuja's commentary £ ri-

bhasya (Sacred Books of the East

Series)

Ramanuja's Theory of Knowledge

/SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 205

K. C. Varadachjjriar

: Aspects Bhakti

S. S. Raghavachar

: Introduction to the Vedartha San-

graha (fVoL I)

Text and kranslation Vol. 2.

Swami Adidevananda

: Y aiindrafiata Dipika: text and

translation

CHAPTER VII

B. N. Krishnamoorthy

Sarma

: Certain Philosophical ” Bases of

Madhva’s Theistic Realism

B. N. Krishnamoorthy

Sarma

: Introduction to his edition of

Madhva's Sutra Bhdsya

R. Nagaraja Sarma

: Reign of Realism in Indian Philo-

sophy

C. M. Padmanabhachar

: The Life and Teachings of Sri.

Madhvacharya

S. Subba Rao

: Translation of Sutra Bhdsya and

Bliatjarad Gita according to

Madhva

Madhva- Si ddhanta Sara

: (a Sanskrit text which gives a

clear-cut idea of the fundamental

categories of Madhva s Philo-

sophy)

CHAPTER VIII

S. N. Dasgupta

: A History of Indian Philosophy,

Vol. IV.

R. G. Bhandarkar

: Vaisnavism, Saivism and other

minor religious systems, P. 76-82

G. H. Bhatt

: Articles in: (1) The Cultural Heri-

tage of India, Vol. III.

(2) History of Philosophy, Eastern

and Western, Vol. I.

(3) Indian Historical Quarterly,

Vol IX. Pages 300-306.

INTRODUCTION TO VEDANTA

CHAPTER IX

S. Radhakrishnan: Editor — History of Philosophy,

Eastern and Western, Chapter on

i Chaitanya;

The Cultural Heritage of India

Vol. III. (The Chapter on Cfiai-

L tanya)

T. M. P. Mahadevan: Outlines of Hinduism: Chap. VII -

S c. II

'v

CHAPTER X

T. M. P. Mahadevan: The History and the Culture of

India } The Chajder on Saiva-Sid-

dhanta

Violet Paranjoti: Saiva-Siddhanta

S. S. Suryanarayana Sastri: The Cultural Heritage of India,

Vol. I. The Chapter on Saiva-

Siddhanta

S. Radhakrishnan

S. Radhakrishnan

A. N. Whitehead

S. Radhakrishnan

S. Radhakrishnan

S. Radhakrishnan

CHAPTER XI

: Recovery of Faith

: The Philosophy of S. Radhakrishnan

( see the confession of his Personal

Faith), Introductory essay.

: Religion in the Making

: Eastern Religions and Western

Thought

: Religion and Society

: The Hindu-View of Life

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The College has a G. ta Academy abo

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I As a first < icp tr. v^'ds establishing an Academy' of fnnim;

Bhavan ha'. icqmiid the majority of shares in Messrs. Affiliated

Advertisers A Pnr. Ur i td —one of the biggest presses in Borrfcjv.

8 BHARATIYA V1DYA GROUP: 1 i f 1 » I

};

Under the auspia-s of this group, lectures by eminent men *, ^

politics, economics, sociology etc., are rcgulaiiy held

j *. v> _ Affiliated Institutions j i  

(1) The Gujarati Sahitya Parishad; (2) Shn Szhitya Sansad; | >

The Bombay Astrological Society; (4) The Bharatiya Stri Seva Sari'h; ;

 * i, ! 1 ' * H 

i!

I 5

THE AUTHOR

Dr. P. Nagaraja Rao took his D. Litt degree

from the Banaras Hindu University under the

guidance of Dr. S. Radhakrishnan after secur-

ing first class first in the M. A. degree in Philo-

sophy of the Madras University. He taught

Philosophy in Madras, Banaras and Ahmeda-

bad and at present he is in the Kamatak

College, Dharwar.

Besides being the author of three books

(1) Vadavali (text, English translation and

notes), (2) Bhagavad Gita and the Changing

World, and (3) Schools of Vddanta, Dr. Rao has

published ' a number of papers relating to

Indian Philosophy. His incisive writing sel-

dom fails to stimulate thought. He is also a

very gifted speaker. His approach to the

study of Indian Philosophy is scientific and

comparative. His treatment shows wide

learning and true understanding. His exposi-

tion is refreshing, impressive and dear.

Introduction to Vedanta is a review of the

various schools of India's living religion and

philosophy — Vedanta which has influenced

the world view of today. The book gives us

a clecrf account of the Schools of Vedanta*



  

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