ЗАНЯТИЕ 6. Passive Voice. Образование. Примеры. Общая схема. Образование. Active. Passive

ЗАНЯТИЕ 6

Passive Voice

Passive voice – это грамматическая конструкция, которая показывает, что подлежащее (кто? что?) не совершает действие самостоятельно, а испытывает действие на себе, является объектом действия.

Образование

Примеры

Общая схема

Noun

+ to be/not be

+ V3

Время

Present Simple

Noun

Is/are/am Is/are/am not

+ V3

Mails are sent every day.

Past Simple

Noun

Was/were Was/were not

+ V3

Mails were sent yesterday.

Future Simple

Noun

Will be Will not be

+ V3

Mails will be sent tomorrow.

Present Perfect

Noun

Have/has been Have/has not been

+ V3

Mails have been sent this morning.

Вопросительные предложения в passive voice

Время	Пример
Present Simple	Are you often invited to the circus?
Past Simple	Was the parcel sent to him?
Future simple	Will you be given a bonus if you work hard?
Present Perfect	Has the book been written by her?

Модальные глаголы в passive voice

Образование				Примеры
Noun	+ Modal verb Can Have to Ought to Must Should May Might	+ be	+V3	The task can be done easily. Homework has to be done on time. The examination ought to be taken by them. The rules must be obeyed. The book should be written by the writer. An apple may be eaten by her. The snake might be killed by her.

With и by в Passive Voice

By		With
когда	пример	когда	пример
Если надо указать “исполнителя” действия	The book was written by Shakespeare	“орудие” действия в прямом и переносном смысле.	This paper was written with a pen, not a pencil, many years ago.

Предлоги в Passive Voice

Active		Passive
Пример	Somebody sent for the doctor Somebody laughed at him Somebody looked at him Somebody was waiting for him Somebody will listen to him Somebody talks about him	Пример	The doctor was sent for He was laughed at He was looked at He was being waited for He will be listened to He is talked about

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