Internal diseases. The history of their development. Introduction to the subject.

Internal diseases. The history of their development. Introduction to the subject.

Internal diseases are a part of the medical science, which studies the causes, the ways they develop, methods of diagnosing these diseases. It also works out different approaches to the treatment and prevention of these diseases.

The science dealing with the internal diseases (therapy) is an important section of practical medicine.

Hippocratus is regarded as the founder of tills medical science. He believed that each disease was a result of the malfunction of the whole body.

Avicenna plays an important role in the history of medicine. In his manuscripts there are recommendations which are of some importance even today. At the end of the 18th century and especially in the 19th century there appeared new methods of diagnosing and treating the internal diseases. We can mention the names of some outstanding scientists who contributed to it.

Celsius invented a thermometer, Avenbruger suggested a method of diagnoses with percussion, Layenek resorted to auscultation as a new method of diagnoses, Rentgen discovered x-rays. Later there also appeared new methods of treating these diseases. For example, vaccination, which helps to cure patients from some infectious diseases.

We can also speak about prominent Russian doctors, who worked in this field. Mudrov (1776 - 1831), a professor of Moscow University, was the first great doctor who dealt with internal diseases. He said that it was easier to prevent the disease, than to treat it. He was the founder of the preventive approach in the medical science. Botkin (1832-1889) was a professor of the St.Petersburg academy. He was the founder of the physiological approach in the Russian medical science. He discovered new sympthoms of internal diseases. He did much for the military medical service. He set up a center for training nurses.

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