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КЛЕТКА. слой – клет. стенка



  КЛЕТКА


 

 ЦИТОПЛАЗМА                                                                    ОРГАНОИДЫ                                                                 ОБОЛОЧКА

 - вода – 70 - 80 %

 - орг. вещ - ва – около 20 %                                                                                                                                                                                          

 - неорг. вещ - ва - 1,5 %                                                  

                                                              ОДНОМЕМБРАННЫЕ    ДВУМЕМБРАННЫЕ        НЕМЕМБРАННЫЕ                         2 МЕМБРАЫ

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1 слой – клет. стенка

                    ЭПС аппарат лизосомы вакуоли ядро митохондрии пластиды рибосомы    синтез белка    - механич. прочность,

                             Гольджи                                          хроматин                                                                                          - регуляция  роста,                                                               

                                                                                                          кристы  хлоропласты     хромосомы                    - защитная (от бакт- й

                                                                                                                                                                     зелёные                насл. инф.                                      и потери воды),  

                                                                                                                                                                                                      - транспортная                                                                                                                      гладкая шероховатая хранение переваривание опорная   хранение        синтез        фотосинтез             цитоскелет                    (вода и мин. соли),

                                           и            пищи                                   и                АТФ                                                     опора                                      - связь с другими 

транспорт рибосомы транспорт                          хранение передача                          хромопласты      клеточный центр            клетками через поры

Л и У      синтез    БЖУ и                                 и секреция насл – й                                  цветные                         деление клетки                          2 слой - плазматическая

                    белка  ферментов                              запасных инф – и                                                                                                                                          мембрана      

                                                                                                                                  веществ                                                                                                                                                                                     -  транспортная (активный

                                                                                                                                                                        придают цвет                                                                            и пассивный транспорт   

                                                                                                                                                          органам  растения                                                                     - поглощение веществ

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               (фагоцитоз  и  пиноцитоз)

                                                                                                                                                                            лейкопласты                                                             - отделяет клетки друг   

                                                                                                                                                               бесцветные                                                                          от друга,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                - рецепторная: углеводы -

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               механизм распознавания,

                                                                                                                                                       накопление питательных                                                                    - структурная – белки,                                                 

                                                                                                                                                                                    веществ                                                                          - опорная: жиры  не 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          дают клетке ратекаться                    

               1

          клетка - ситуктурно – функциональная единица жизни

          клетка   =  организм                                        2                        3                                        4                                           5

          клетки + межклеточное вещество      ткань             орган        системы органов        организм



  

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