TAKING A PILOT ON BOARD. EXAMING THE SHIP BY THE CUSTOMS. CARGO WORK. CLAIM OF COLLISION. EVIDENCE ON COLLISION. DELIVERY OF CARGO. PASSING THROUGH NARROWS AND CANALS. CLEARING THE SHIPING. MOORING

TAKING A PILOT ON BOARD

To call for a pilot the ship either sends a radiogram beforehand or hoist the signal G.When she approaches the pilot station. When the pilot boat is nearing the ship the pilot is asked which side he wants the pilot ladder. The pilot usually taken aboard from the lee side. The watch officer meets the pilot and show him to the bridge. Then the pilot maneuvers the ship into the harbor to her berthing place. He also sees to the mooring of the vessel.

EXAMING THE SHIP BY THE CUSTOMS

The master of a ship shall report his vessel to the custom house within 24 hours of arrival in the port. The master is to fill up the blank form of the captain declaration or report list and to hand it over to the customs together with certain ships papers. The customs officer comes aboard the ship to search (or rummage) the vessel for any prohibited goods or goods liable to duty. Each country imposed import duties on certain goods kept aboard for the use of the ship crew and passengers. The customs officer sometimes leave for the crew only a certain quota and place under seal the surplus stores.

CARGO WORK

The cargo officer to see that the goods are properly loaded stowed and discharged from the ship. Practically the job is carried out by a stevedoring company. He must explain and instruct them as to how the goods should be stowed dunned and if necessary, lashed or secured from shifting. Before loading the cargo officer is to examine on shore the goods to be shipped, if the cargo is damaged or not adequate the goods should be rejected and not accepted for shipment unless the packing is recondition.

Medical Inspection

Of the arrival of a ship in a foreign port the first person who comes aboard is the medical officer of the port. His duty is to examine the members of the crew for infectious diseases. He also examines bill of health which the ship got in her last port of call. If the bill of health is clean and there are no infectious diseases on board the medical officer issues the certificate of practique. This certificate allows the vessel to enter the port and to discharge her cargo. It also allows the ship’s crew and passengers to land. If the ship has arrived from a port suffering from infectious diseases or if there have been some cases of infectious diseases aboard the ship during her voyage, the ship is put in quarantine. The medical officer is also under duty to examine whether the ship has proper certificates of deratization and disinfecting. In case of some casualty or if there are some sick people on board, the medical officers assistance in placing the injured or sick persons for hospital treatment. Sometimes customs officers and pilots are authorized to give ships free pratique provided the ships have clean bill of health.

CLAIM OF COLLISION

Collision lead to some material damage to the ship or cargo. This damage must be paid for by someone. Under the laws of many countries the vessel quietly of collision may be sued for the damage caused. When the damage is not great and it is quite evident which of the ships is guilty, the captains of both vessels usually settle the matter amicably. They agree as to what repairs should be done or how much money should be paid. But if the damage is considerable and the circumstance of the collision are not quite clear, a dispute between the two parties may arise. To settle this dispute, it is examines them, inquires into the ships log books, collects evidence and passes a decision.

GENERAL CARGO

The most industrial products and semi-manufactured goods belong to general cargoes. Units of especially heavy cargo are frequently carried on deck. Cargo carried on deck is shipped at shipper’s risk, unless contracted otherwise, but nevertheless responsibility falls upon the ship counteract - It is required that the master of a ship shall report this vessel to the Custom House within 24 hours of arrival in a foreign port. Usually the following papers are required for entering inwards: ship register, certificate of practique, bill of health, manifest of cargo, list allowed to be shipped the vessel must of stores, search note. The customs officers come aboard the ship to search or “rummage’ the vessel for unentered goods and to see if there are any prohibited goods or goods liable to duty. To prevent smuggling such goods as spirits, vines cigarettes, tobacco, perfumes, photocameras and others, the customs officers request the captain to give the ship’s store bond on dutiable goods. The customs officers sometimes leave for the crew a certain quota and place under seal the surplus stores. Before any cargo is be entered outwards. This is done by the master signing the ’Entry outward’ form and delivering it to the customs.

EVIDENCE ON COLLISION

The court is establish the fault in collision with one or with both vessels. If one vessel is guilty she will bear all the responsibility for the damage caused. If both vessels are to blame each vessel shall be held liable for the damage in proportion to the degree of her fault. If no vessel is to blame then each vessel shall bear her own loss. The collided vessels usually exchange information, by radio of the ships names, their masters naves, their ports of registry, their nationality and whether they require any assistance. According to law, each vessel shall enter all the circumstances of the collision in her log book.

DELIVERY OF CARGO

On arrival in the port of discharge necessary arrangements are made for discharging the cargo. As usually the captain send the notice of readiness beforehand. The agent order the discharging of goods to some stevedoring company. This company usually undertakes to discharge the cargo into their own warehouses and then to deliver this cargo to the consignees.

PASSING THROUGH NARROWS AND CANALS

When sailing through narrows or canals a vessel should proceed with great care and reduce her speed. Sometimes it is necessary to take soundings to avoid running aground. The ship has to keep to one side of a channel, in most cases the starboard side. In narrow place ship are not allowed to overtake one another. To avoid collision with other ships the captain must strictly adhere to the Regulations for preventing collisions at sea. At night the ships shall carry regulations lights. In fog, mist, falling snow or heavy rain all vessels shall use sound signals.

CLEARING THE SHIPING

The procedure of clearing the ship in various ports is somewhat different. In some ports, the ships agent comes aboard the ship directly on her arrival and brings a pile of blanks forms. These blanks must be filled up to clearing the ships in. The one of the metes or the agent takes all these documents together with some ships papers, goes ashore and arranged with the authorities all the formalities for clearing the ship in. In other ports the agent comes aboard together with the medical, customs, port and emigrations officers. They all gather fill up the blanks themselves. When the blanks are filled in the captain read them through and sign his name.

MOORING

On the deck, bow and stern all heaving lines and mooring ropes should be ready for use. The anchor must be ready let go at on appropriate distance from the berth, engine is stopped and the ships headway used to bring her alongside to berth. A head-rope a bow spring and 2 breast lines are run out form the ship and secured to bollards ashore this lines made fast. The ship is secured in her berth,

rat-guards should be placed on all the lines.

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