Study Chapter 4 p.62. Consider your answers to the following.. Which conditions stimulate the borrowing process?. Why are words borrowed?. What stages of assimilation do borrowings go through?. In what spheres of communication do international words frequ

Вологжанина М.А

Задание на 14.05.2020

1. Study Chapter 4 p.62

2. Consider your answers to the following.

1.Which conditions stimulate the borrowing process?

It may be wars, invasions or conquests when foreign words are in effect imposed upon the reluctant conquered nation. There are also periods of peace when the process of borrowing is due to trade and international cultural relations.

2. Why are words borrowed?

This question partially concerns the historical circumstances which stimulate the borrowing process. Each time two nations come into close contact, certain borrowings are a natural consequence.

3. What stages of assimilation do borrowings go through?

Borrowed words are adjusted in the three main areas of the new language system: the phonetic, the grammatical and the semantic.

4. In what spheres of communication do international words frequently occur?

It is often the case that a word is borrowed by several languages, and not just by one. Such words usually convey concepts which are significant in the field of communication. Many of them are of Latin and Greek origin. Most names of sciences are international, e. g. philosophy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, linguistics, lexicology, technology. There are also numerous terms of art, foodstuff from exotic countries, inter. sports in this group.

5.What do we understand by etymological doublets?

Etymological doublets - words originating from the same etymological source but differing in phonetic shape and in meanings.

6. What are the characteristic features of translation-loans?

They are not taken into the vocabulary of another language more or less in the same phonemic shape in which they have been functioning in their own language, but undergo the process of translation.

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