The 28th of April.. Automative Technology.. Exercise 1. Read and translate the text (устно). Write new words. (Переписать новые слова).. Automation and Robotics in industry.

The 28th of April.

Automative Technology.

Hello, dear students. Today we will talk about automated technologies. Your task for this lesson:

Здравствуйте, дорогие студенты. Сегодня мы с вами поговорим об автоматизированных технологиях. Ваша задача на этот урок:

Exercise 1. Read and translate the text (устно). Write new words. (Переписать новые слова).

Automation and Robotics in industry.

Vocabulary

equipment— оборудование sequence— последовательность initial— первоначальный, начальный investment— инвестиция, вклад to facilitate— способствовать

rate — скорость, темп assembly machines — сборочные машины quantity— количество non-productive — непроизводительный changeover— переход, переналадка

Manufacturing is one of the most important application area for automation technology. There are several types of automation in manufacturing. The examples of automated systems used in manufacturing are described below.

Fixed automation, sometimes called «hard automation» refers to automated machines in which the equipmentconfiguration allows fixed sequence of processing operations. These machines are programmed by their design to make only certain processing operations. They are not easily changed over from one product style to another. This form of automation needs high initial investments and high production rates. That is why it is suitable for products that are made in large volumes. Examples of fixed automation are machining transfer lines found in the automobile industry, automatic assembly machines and certain chemical processes.

Programmable automation is a form of automation for producing products in large quantities, ranging from several dozen to several thousand units at a time. For each new product the production equipment must be reprogrammed and changed over. This reprogramming and changeover take a period of non-productivetime. Production rates in programmable automation are generally lower than in fixed automation, because the equipment is designed tofacilitate productchangeover rather than for product specialization. A numerical-control machine-tool is a good example of programmable automation. The program is coded in computer memory for each different product style and the machine-tool is controlled by the computer program.

Flexible automation is a kind of programmable automation. Programmable automation requires time to re-program and change over the production equipment for each series of new product. This is lost production time, which is expensive. In flexible automation the number of products is limited so that the changeover of the equipment can be done very quickly and automatically. The reprogramming of the equipment in flexible automation is done at a computer terminal without using the production equipment itself. Flexible automation allows a mixture of different products to be produced one right after another.

Exercise 2. Answer the questions (Ответить на вопросы):

1. What is the most important application of automation?

2. What are the types of automation used in manufacturing?

3. What is fixed automation?

4. What are the limitations of hard automation?

5. What is the best example of programmable automation?

Exercise 3. Find equivalents in English in the text (Найдите эквиваленты на английском языке в тексте):

1. сфера применения

2. фиксированная последовательность операций

3. автоматические сборочные машины

4. потерянное производственное время

5. разнообразная продукция

Exercise 4. Explain in English what does the following mean (Объясните на английском языке, что означают следующие словосочетания):

1. automation technology

2. fixed automation

3. assembly machines

4. programmable automation

5. numerical-control machine-tool