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ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ГРАММАТИЧЕСКОГО ВРЕМЕНИ ⇐ ПредыдущаяСтр 2 из 2 ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ГРАММАТИЧЕСКОГО ВРЕМЕНИ
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№ п/п | ИСХОДНОЕ ВРЕМЯ | МЕНЯЕТСЯ НА |
PRESENT SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) | PAST SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) | |
PRESENT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | |
PRESENT PERFECT | PAST PERFECT | |
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | |
PAST SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) | PAST PERFECT | |
PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | |
FUTURE SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) | FUTURE SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) IN THE PAST | |
FUTURE CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | FUTURE CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) IN THE PAST | |
FUTURE PERFECT | FUTURE PERFECT IN THE PAST | |
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) IN THE PAST | |
PAST PERFECT | НЕ ИЗМЕНЯЕТСЯ | |
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) | НЕ ИЗМЕНЯЕТСЯ |
N. B. | В ряде случаев правило согласования времен не соблюдается: | |
1. В придаточных дополнительных предложениях, которые выражают общеизвестный факт или истину. | Не said that 22 December is the shortest day of the уеаг. Он сказал, что 22 декабря – самый короткий день года. | |
2. В придаточных дополнительных предложениях, сказуемое которых выражено глаголом в сослагательном наклонении. | It was demanded that the work be improved.Требовали улучшения работы. | |
3. Модальные глаголы must, should и ought употребляются в придаточном предложении независимо от того, в каком времени стоит глагол-сказуемое главного предложения | I told her that she should consult а doctor. Я сказал, что ей следует обратиться к врачу. The teacher told us that we must learn this rule. Учитель сказал, что мы должны выучить это правило. |
Упражнение 2. Change the direct speech into reported speech. Переведите в косвенную речь.
Example “I work hard,” Jillian said.
— Jillian said that he worked hard.
1. “I am planning to go to Kenya,” Sally said.
2. “I take my little sister to school every day,” little Anthony said.
3. “You may take my textbook,” Nonna said.
4. “They are playing in the gym now,” Nick said.
5. “I don’t like chocolate,” Mary said.
6. “My sister is ready to go” Helen said.
7. “My mother usually goes shopping on Saturday,” the girl said.
8. “The birds build their nests among the trees,” the teacher said.
9. “I am not married,” Jimmy said.
10. “I can't read these books. I don’t like them,” Petra said.
Упражнение 3. Change the direct speech into reported speech. Переведите в косвенную речь.
Example 1: I have already finished the test. -> He said he had already finished the test.
1. We have gone on holiday.
2. Nelly can’t write; she has cut her finger.
3. The Ivanovs have travelled to many places.
4. Sam has already learnt the poem.
5. My sister has broken my pencil.
6. My dad has never travelled by plane.
7. Andrew has lost his keys.
8. Jill has never slept in a tent.
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