ТАБЛИЦА ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИХ ВРЕМЕН. ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ [ACTIVE VOICE].

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ТАБЛИЦА ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИХ ВРЕМЕН. ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ [ACTIVE VOICE].

Present Indefinite = Simple (Настоящее неопределенное)

Обозначает действие, которое происходит ВООП (всегда, вообще, обычно, постоянно).

always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, every day, rarely

Present Continuous (Настоящее длительное)

Обозначает действие, которое происходит в какой-то определенный момент времени; запланированное действие

at present NOW at the moment

am be is +V₄ (-ing) are

Present Perfect (Настоящее совершенное)

already, still, yet, recently, today, just, ever, never, this week (month, year).

Обозначает действие, которое заве5ршилось к настоящему моменту.

+ I swim. You swim. He** swims. We swim. They swim.

- I do not (don’t) swim. You do not (don’t) swim. He** does not (doesn’t) swim. We do not (don’t) swim. They do not (don’t) swim.

+ I am swimming. You are swimming. He** is swimming. We are swimming. They are swimming.

- I am not swimming. You are not (aren’t) swimming. He** is not (isn’t) swimming. We are not (aren’t) swimming. They are not (aren’t) swimming.

+ I have swum. You have swum. He** has swum. We have swum. They have swum.

- I have not (haven’t) swum. You have not (haven’t) swum. He** has not (hasn’t) swum. We have not (haven’t) swum. They have not (haven’t) swum.

? Do I swim? Do you swim? Does he** swim? Do we swim? Do they swim?

Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, you do. No, I don’t. Yes, he** does. No, he** doesn’t. Yes, We do. No, we don’t. Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

? Am I swimming? Are you swimming? Is he** swimming? Are we swimming? Are they swimming?

Yes, I am. No, I am not. Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Yes, he** is. No, he** isn’t. Yes, we are. No, we aren’t. Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

? Have I swum? Have you swum? Has he** swum? Have we swum? Have they swum?

Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Yes, you have. No, you haven’t. Yes, he** has. No he** hasn’t. Yes, we have. No, we haven’t. Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.

Past Indefinite = Simple (Прошедшее неопределенное)

Обозначает действие, которое произошло в прошлом

yesterday, last week (month, year), a week ago, last time.

Past Continuous (Прошедшее длительное)

all the morning, from 2 till 5 o’clock, when you came, at that time yesterday

Обозначает дейст-е, кот-е произ. в какой-то опред. момент или период времени в прошлом.

+V₄ (-ing)

Past Perfect (Прошедшее совершенное)

had + V₃

By 5 o’clock yesterday

Обозначает действие, которое завершилось к какому-то моменту в прошлом.

+ I swam. You swam. He** swam. We swam. They swam.

- I did not (didn’t) swim. You did not (didn’t) swim. He** did not (didn’t) swim. We did not (didn’t) swim. They did not (didn’t) swim.

+ I was swimming. You were swimming. He** was swimming. We were swimming. They were swimming.

- I was not (wasn’t) swimming. You were not (weren’t) swimming. He** was not (wasn’t) swimming. We were not (weren’t) swimming. They were not (weren’t) swimming.

+ I had swum. You had swum. He** had swum. We had swum. They had swum.

- I had not (hadn’t) swum. You had not (hadn’t) swum. He** had not (hadn’t) swum. We had not (hadn’t) swum. They had not (hadn’t) swum.

? Did I swim? Did you swim? Did he** swim? Did we swim? Did they swim?

Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. Yes, you did. No, I didn’t. Yes, he** did. No, he** didn’t. Yes, we did. No, we didn’t. Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.

? Was I swimming? Were you swimming? Was he** swimming? Were we swimming? Were they swimming?

Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. Yes, you were. No, you weren’t. Yes, he** was. No, he** wasn’t. Yes, we were. No, we weren’t. Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.

? Had I swum? Had you swum? Had he** swum? Had we swum? Had they swum?

Yes, I had. No, I hadn’t. Yes, you had. No, you hadn’t. Yes, he** had. No he** hadn’t. Yes, we had. No, we hadn’t. Yes, they had. No, they hadn’t.

Future Indefinite= Simple (Будущее неопределенное)

shall (1 л. ед. ч.) will

Обозначает действие, которое произойдет в будущем.

tomorrow, in a week, next time (month, year)

+V₁

Future Continuous (Будущее длительное)

+be+V₄ (-ing)

shall will

Обознач. действие, кот-е будет происх-ть в какой-то опред. момент или период времени.

by 3 o’clock tomorrow, before you come

Future Perfect (Будущее совершенное)

shall will

+have+V₃

Обозначает действие, которое завершится к определенному моменту в будущем.

+ I shall swim. You will swim. He** will swim. We shall swim. They will swim.

I shall not (shan’t) swim. You will not (won’t) swim. He** will not (won’t) swim. We shall not (shan’t) swim. They will not (won’t) swim.

+ I shall be swimming. You will be swimming. He** will be swimming. We shall be swimming. They will be swimming.

I shall not (shan’t) be swimming. You will not (won’t) be swimming. He** will not (won’t) be swimming. We shall not (shan’t) be swimming. They will not (won’t) be swimming.

+ I shall have swum. You will have swum. He** will have swum. We shall have swum. They will have swum.

- I shan’t have swum. You won’t have swum. He** won’t have swum. We shan’t have swum. They won’t have swum.

? Shall I swim? Will you swim? Will he** swim? Shall we swim? Will they swim?

Yes, I shall. No, I shan’t. Yes, you will. No, you won’t. Yes, he** will. No, he** won’t. Yes, we shall. No, we shan’t. Yes, they will. No, they won’t.

? Shall I be swimming? Will you be swimming? Will he** be swimming? Shall we be swimming? Will they be swimming?

Yes, I shall. No, I shan’t. Yes, you will. No, you won’t. Yes, he** will. No, he** won’t. Yes, we shall. No, we shan’t. Yes, they will. No, they won’t.

? Shall I have swum? Will you have swum? Will he** have swum? Shall we have swum? Will they have swum?

Yes, I shall. No, I shan’t. Yes, you will. No, you won’t. Yes, he** will. No, he** won’t. Yes, we shall. No, we shan’t. Yes, they will. No, they won’t.

He** = he, she, it

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