Занятие №1. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Занятие №1

1. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Hybrid-electric vehicle (HEV) has a both petrol engine and electric motor. The petrol engine is the main power source. It is smaller and lighter than the engines of conventional cars. The electric motor provides extra power when needed. In some HEVs, it is connected to the wheels by the same transmission. In addition to a fuel tank, the HEV carries a pack of advanced batteries. There is also a processor which decides when to use the motor and engine. When the car is running at a constant speed, the petrol engine provides all the power required. For overtaking, hill climbing and accelerating from stop, the electric motor provides extra power. In some cars the motor also provides power for low-speed cruising as petrol engines are the least efficient in these conditions.

HEVs use regenerative braking. When the driver brakes a car, the resistance of the motor helps to slow down the car. At the same time, the energy from the wheels turns the motor which then functions as a generator, producing electricity to recharge the batteries. When the batteries are low, the petrol engine also drives the generator. HEVs have automatic start / shutoff. The petrol engine shuts off when the car comes to a stop. When the driver presses the accelerator, the motor instantly starts the engine again. No energy is wasted from idling when the car is stopped.

HEVs are more efficient and pollute less than cars with only petrol engines. They do not require special fuel like hydrogen cars and, unlike electric cars, they do not need to be plugged in overnight to recharge the batteries. However, they are heavier than ordinary cars because of the weight of the batteries.

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