Individual work. student of _____ group. Lesson 8. CARBOHYDRATES. BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE. DIGESTION OF CARBOHYDRATES IN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

Individual work

student of _____ group

_______________________________________________

^(name)

Lesson 8. CARBOHYDRATES. BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE. DIGESTION OF CARBOHYDRATES IN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

1. Give the definition:

Carbohydrates – _________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Name the most important functions of carbohydrates.

1) __________________________________________________________________________

2) __________________________________________________________________________

3) __________________________________________________________________________

4) __________________________________________________________________________

3. Fill in the scheme "Classification of carbohydrates".

4. The daily norm of carbohydrates for one person is: ______________________

5. Indicate by numbers the structure corresponding to the following disaccharides:

Disaccharides			Structure
Lactose			1) glucosyl-(α-1,6)-glucose
Maltose			2) glucosyl-(β-1,2)-fuctoside
Sucrose			3) glucosyl-(α-1,4)-glucose
			4) (glucosyl-(α-1,4)-glucose)_n
			5) galactosyl-(α-1,4)-glucose

6. Indicate the correct answers. Starch:

А. contains residues of glucose;

B. contains monomers bounded by α-1,6-glycosidic bond;

С. has a linear arrangement of the monomers;

D. enters in a organism with the plant food;

Е. is depot (reserve) of glucose in plant cells.

7. From the following food carbohydrates underline with blue colour the sources of glucose, and with red – sources of galactose:

SUCROSE STARCH LACTOSE GLYCOGEN

MALTOSE CELLULOSE

8. Explain the role of cellulose in the human digestion. ___________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Fill in the table "Structure of the food carbohydrates".

Name	Class	Structure (formula)
D-glucose
D-fructose
D-galactose
Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose
Starch		(fragment with α-1,4- and α-1,6-glycosidic bonds)

10. Why carbohydrates are not digesting in the stomach? __________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. Indicate the correct answers.

Salivary amylase: ______________ Pancreatic amylase: __________

А. has a maximal activity at рН= 8.0;

B. hydrolyses the starch with a formation of glucose;

C. hydrolyses the α-1,6-glycosidic bonds;

D. has a clinico-diagnostic meaning;

E. hydrolyses the starch with a formation of dextrins.

12. What monosaccharide is produced in largest quantity during the carbohydrates digestion? ____________________________________________________________________________

13. Fill in the table "Enzymes participating in carbohydrates digestion".

Name	Place of synthesis	Place of action (part of GIT)	Bond hydrolysed

14. In an animal the pancreatic duct has experimentally obturated. Will this influent on the carbohydrates digestion?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15. During 30 min after uptake of 100 g of sugar, the blood glucose concentration of the patient increases in 1.5 times, while after uptake of 100 g of bread it does not significantly changed. Why? _____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________