Переведите текст. Text A. Hair structure

1. Переведите текст

Text A. Hair structure

Hair is a filamentous biomaterial that grows from follicles found in the dermis. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.

The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce hair. Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial composed of protein and keratin. In many human societies, women grow the hair on their head long while men cut theirs short.

The word "hair" often refers to two structures:

the part beneath the skin, called the hair follicle or when pulled from the skin, called the bulb. This organ is located in the dermis and maintains stem cells which not only re-grow the hair after it falls out, but also are recruited to regrow skin after a wound;

the shaft, which is the hard filamentous part that extends above the skin surface.

Hair growth begins inside the hair follicle. The only "living" portion of the hair is found in the follicle. The hair that is visible is the hair shaft, which exhibits no biochemical activity and is considered "dead".

The natural hair colours are the result of two types of hair pigment. Both of Ihese pigments are melanin types, produced inside the hair follicle and packed into granules found in the fibers. Eumelanin is the dominant pigment in dark- blond, brown hair, and black hair, while pheomelanin is dominant in red hair. Blond hair is the result of having little pigmentation in the hair strand. Gray hair occurs when melanin production decreases or stops.

Note the vocabulary.

lllamentous	волокнистый	bulb	луковица
lollicle	фолликула	to maintain	поддерживать
delining	определяющий	stem	ствол
mammal	млекопитающее	wound[wu:nd]	рана
apart	кроме	shaft [_fa:ft]	ствол
glabrous	гладкий	to exhibit	проявлять
cell	клетка	eumelanin	эумеланин
Io refer	относиться	pheomelanin	фиомеланин

2. 2. Соотнесите прилагательные и их антонимы

1. fine hair	a. light hair
2. thick hair	b. natural hair
3. curly hair	c. dry hair
4. damaged hair	d. healthy hair
5. oily hair	e. straight hair
6. tinted hair	f. hair ends
7. soft hair	g. thinning hair
8. dark hair	h. coarse hair
9. hair roots⁷	i. strong hair

3. Продолжите предложения или заполните пропуски, используя текст выше

1. Hair is a filamentous biomaterial that grows from ...

2. This organ is located ....

3. Hair growth begins ....

4. The only "living" portion of the hair is found ....

5. All natural hair colours are the result of two types of....

6. ... is the dominant pigment in dark-blond, brown hair, and black hair.

7. Pheomelanin is dominant in ... hair.

8. Blond hair is the result of having little ... in the hair strand.