THE CARDIO-VASCULAR SYSTEM. THE CIRCULATION)

THE CARDIO-VASCULAR SYSTEM

(THE CIRCULATION)

1.Переведите с английского языка на русский слова и словосочетания, относящиеся к сердечно-сосудистой системе человека, кровообращению:

2.Прочитайте и запомните следующие слова:

except	[ik′sept]	кроме
enter	[′entǝ]	входить
bring	[briŋ]	приносить
the rest of		остальные (части)
pass	[pɑ:s]	проходить
through	[θru:]	через
pulmonary	[′pʌlmǝnǝri]	легочной
fresh	[freʃ]	свежий
reach	[ri:tʃ]	достигать
destination	[⸝desti′neiʃn]	место назначения
capillary	[kǝ′pilǝri]	капилляр
reverse	[ri′vǝ:s]	обратный
describe	[di′skraib]	описывать

3.Прочитайте и переведите слова и словосочетания. Запомните их:

Atrium	right atrium, left atrium, to enter the right atrium, from the left atrium it passes through
Enter	enters, entered, to enter atrium, to enter the college, entrance
Pass	passes, passed, to pass through, to pass out, to pass on, a pass
Describe	described, describes, description, to describe oneself, to describe a circle

4.Прочитайте и переведите текст А. Ответьте на вопрос:

THE CIRCULATION

Blood returning from all parts of the body, except the lungs, enters the right atrium. All this blood enters the right atrium through two great veins – the superior vena cava brining blood from the head, neck and arms, and the interior vena cava which brings it back from the rest of the body.

From the right atrium, blood passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. It then passes out of the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery to the lungs.

Here the blood gives up the waste carbon dioxide it is carrying and takes in fresh oxygen, which is part of the fuel necessary for the working of the body. This oxygenated blood is carried from the lungs in the pulmonary vein to the left atrium of the heart. From here it passes through valve into the left ventricle. Then it is pumped out of the left into the aorta. This great artery divides into many smaller arteries which convey oxygenated blood all-round the body.

When there smaller arteries reach their destination they divide again into very thin-walled vessels called capillaries. Oxygen from the blood passes through the walls these capillaries to the body cells. Carbon dioxide, which is a waste product formed in the body cells, also passes through the capillary walls, but in the reverse direction, from the body cells to the blood. The capillaries then unite to from veins which carry the blood and waste carbon dioxide back to the right atrium of the heart via the superior and interior vena cava. As already described, the blood passes on again via the tricuspid valve, right ventricle and pulmonary artery to the lungs.

- What are the superior vena cava and interior vena cava?

5.Упражнения:

1). Найдите в тексте и запишите в таблицу английские эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний:

Кроме легких
Поступать в правое предсердие
Из остальных частей тела
Проходить через
Выходить из правого желудочка
Отдавать
Обогащенная кислородом кровь
По всему организму
В противоположном направлении
Объединяются, образуя вены

2).Процитируйте предложения, которые содержат следующие слова и словосочетания:

Two great veins
The tricuspid valve
To pass out
The waste carbon dioxide
The pulmonary vein
Mitral valve
To divide into
To reach their destination
To carry back
To pass on

3). Ответьте на вопросы, используя информацию текста А:

- Where does blood returning from all parts of the body enter?
- Where does it pass into the right atrium?
- What does it take in the lungs?
- The oxygenated blood is carried to the left atrium of the heart, isn’t it?
- Where does it pass into after that?
- What do smaller arteries divide into?
- Does oxygen from the blood pass through the walls of these capillaries or through the walls of veins?
- What direction does carbon dioxide pass?
- What do capillaries form?
- Where do veins carry the blood?

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