Student’s book pp. 244-246 please read the text and answer the questions page 248 ex. 3

1. Student’s book pp. 244-246 please read the text and answer the questions page 248 ex. 3

1) What does the term ‘biotechnology’ consist of?

The term "Biotechnology" (sometimes shortened to "biotech") consists of two parts. Bio is a Greek word for "life" and technology gives an indication of human intervention

2) Can you count the areas of biotechnology?

Biotechnology can be based on the pure biological sciences. Also its interests can be outside the sphere of biology. Biotechnology deals with brewing, manufacture of human insulin, interferon, and human growth hormone, medical diagnostics and others.

3) Is biotechnology a new science or not? Give facts to prove it.

As a matter of fact, biotechnology is very ancient. Six thousand years ago, micro-organisms were used to brew beers and to produce wine, bread and cheese. Yeast makes dough rise and converts sugars into alcohol. Lactic acid bacteria in milk create cheese and yoghurt. This application of biotechnology is the directed use of organisms for the manufacture of organic products (examples include beer and milk products).

4) What is classical and modern biotechnology?

Classical biotechnology refers to the traditional techniques used to breed animals and plants, as well as to the application of bacteria, yeasts and molds to make bread or cheese. It has often been divided into several categories; every field of this science is sometimes connected with the definite color.

5) When did modern biotechnology begin?

Modern biotechnology came into being during the nineteen seventies.

6) What is bioinformatics? What is its role?

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field which addresses biological problems using computational techniques, and makes the rapid organization and analysis of biological data possible. Bioinformatics plays a key role in various areas, such as functional genomics, structural genomics, and proteomics, and forms a key component in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sector.

7) What biotechnology applies to agricultural processes?

Green biotechnology is biotechnology applied to agricultural processes.

8) What can green biotechnology design?

The selection and domestication of plants via micro propagation. Another example is the designing of transgenic plants to grow under specific environments in the presence (or absence) of chemicals.

9) What does red biotechnology deal with?

Red biotechnology is applied to medical processes. Some examples are the designing of organisms to produce antibiotics, and the engineering of genetic cures through genetic manipulation.

10) Give the examples of industrial biotechnology using?

Biotechnology applied to industrial processes. An example is using naturally present bacteria by the mining industry in bioleaching; so it is the designing of an organism to produce a useful chemical or destroy hazardous/polluting chemicals.

11) What does blue biotechnology deal with?

Blue biotechnology is a term that has been used to describe the marine and aquatic applications of biotechnology, but its use is relatively rare.

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