Тема “Nature and ecology” (Природа и экология)

Тема “Nature and ecology” (Природа и экология)

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст о природных явлениях, выпишите незнакомые слова. Письменно ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Words for the text:

disaster– стихийное бедствие

damage– повреждение; наносить повреждения

damaging, destructive– разрушительный

blind– слепой; ослеплять

blinding– ослепляющий

occur– случаться, происходить

cause– вызывать, быть причиной

funnel– воронка

Kinds of storms

Storms are an important part of weather. There are different kinds of storms.

Let us start with a blizzard. It is a heavy snowstorm with very strong cold winds that can be blinding. A blizzard happens in winter, when very cold air from the Arctic moves south and meets warmer air. In the result a blizzard starts. If a blizzard is coming, it is better to stay indoors.

Another storm is a hurricane. It is a powerful storm which rotates around its center. The central part of a hurricane is called the eye. The eye is usually from 10 to 40 miles in diameter and is free of rain and large clouds. The band of tall, dark clouds surrounding the eye is called the eyewall.

The rotating wind of the hurricane is strong and reaches the speed of 119 km per hour. It has a counterclockwise direction. A hurricane also contains rain, thunder and lightning.

Hurricanes are often formed in the warm waters near the Equator. These hurricanes are called tropical cyclones. If a hurricane is formed in the western Pacific Ocean, it is called a typhoon.

Hurricanes move from the ocean to the coast and cause large waves, which together with violent wind can bring huge destruction. But when it reaches the land, it weakens. Hurricanes are never born in the cold waters.

One of the strongest windstorms of all is a tornado. A tornado is formed when dry air from the north meets wet air from the south, causing dark clouds to form. The dark clouds start to change at the bottom. The funnel grows until it reaches the ground, and then it starts to travel. Usually tornadoes occur in spring or in summer. The storm usually does not last long, and the funnel soon disappears or moves on. People are advised to stay in a cellar and wait until the storm is over.

Questions:

1. What kinds of storms can you name?

2. How does a blizzard occur?

3. What is a hurricane?

4. What is called a typhoon?

5. How does a tornado appear?

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